深海腐蚀环境下钛合金海洋腐蚀的发展现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect on Marine Corrosion of Titanium Alloys in Deep Ocean Environments

摘要:

本文综述了钛合金及其他合金在深海极端腐蚀环境下的现有研究成果,总结了深海环境下腐蚀特征及应力腐蚀开裂、低周疲劳及高压蠕变等主要腐蚀破坏形式,指明上方海水的高静水压造成深海装备等的腐蚀失效和缺陷对于深海空间站等大型装备的安全性等至关重要。深海腐蚀的电极反应受到深海高静水压的影响的与普通水溶液腐蚀大为不同,值得深入研究。另一方面,对近期利用材料计算工程方法对于深海极端环境下腐蚀过程的模拟进行了介绍和总结,并总结了自主研发的专用深海腐蚀模拟装置的发展现状。基于钛合金在深海会发生的应力腐蚀开裂、低周疲劳、高静水压力导致的高压压缩蠕变及相应的电极反应方面研究,指明了我国深海环境下钛合金腐蚀研究的主要问题和未来亟待解决的相关问题。

关键词:深海腐蚀行为;钛合金;高压蠕变;腐蚀模式

Abstract:

This paper reviews the research results of titanium alloys in deep ocean corrosive environment. The present research status of titanium alloys in the deep ocean environments is summarized from corrosive characteristics of the deep oceans and corrosion modes such as the stress cracking corrosion, low-frequency fatigue corrosion, etc. The failures and leakages of the titanium alloys for the applications in the deep ocean environments caused by high hydrostatic pressure from above the seawaters is of important for the applications of the deep sea stations. On the other hand, corresponding electrode reactions of titanium alloy in deep oceans are dramatically affected by the high hydrostatic pressures. The application of integrated materials calculations and simulations in the fields of metallic corrosion and the testing equipments for simulating the specific corrosion condition in the deep oceans are introduced. At the same time, the main problems and future development of corrosion researches of titanium alloy in the deep ocean environments are summarized and analyzed.

Key words:Deep sea corrosion behavior; Titanium alloys; High pressure creep; Corrosion models;