阳极弧等离子体制备镍纳米粉的性能表征

Characterization of Ni Nanopowders by Anodic Arc Plasma

摘要:

采用阳极弧放电等离子体方法成功制备了高纯镍纳米粉末;利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和选区电子衍射（SAED）、BET吸附法测试手段对试样的成分、形貌、晶体结构、比表面积、粒度及其分布进行性能表征,并采用元素分析仪测定C,H,N含量,采用X射线能量色散分析谱仪（EDS）测定试样所含的元素及其相对含量,用红外吸收光谱（FT-1R）对结构组成进行定性分析.实验结果表明：本法所制备的镍纳米粉末的晶体结构与相应的块体材料基本相同,为fcc结构的晶态,平均粒径为47 nm,粒度范围分布在20 nm～70 nm,呈规则的球形链状分布,比表面积为14.23 m2/g,试样纯度高且具有很强吸附性.

Abstract:

Pure Ni nanopowders were successfully prepared by the anodic arc discharged plasma method with homemade experimental apparatus. The nanoparticles by this process were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and BET adsorption to determine the chemical composition, morphology, crystal structure, specific surface area, particle size and particle size distribution. Element analyze instrument is also used to determine the C, H, N contents. The main constituent elements were examined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) equipped in SEM and the structure compose was qualitatively analyzed by FT-IR spectrum. The experimental results showed that the crystal structure of samples was fcc structure same as the bulk material with an average grain size of about 47 nm, ranging from 20 nm to 70 nm. The sample has high purity and strong adsorption, whose particles distributed uniformly in spherical chain shape with a specific surface area of 14.23 m2/g.