不同表面活性剂对纳米银粉在乙醇中分散性能的影响

Effect of Surfactants on Dispersing Properties in Alcohol Solvent for Silver Nanopowders

摘要:

在对直流电弧等离子体蒸发法制备的纳米银粉进行Zeta电位测量的基础上，以高分子型表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP），阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化氨（CTAB）以及阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和油酸作为分散剂对银粉进行分散，系统研究了超声分散时间和表面活性剂浓度对纳米银粉在无水乙醇中分散性能的影响。结果表明，固定超声功率，随超声时间和表面活性剂浓度的提高，粉体分散效果先增大后减小。PVP对其分散效果最好。其分散工艺为：1．5％（质量分数）PVP，超声分散40min。

Abstract:

On the basis of Zeta value measurement of the silver nanopowders prepared by DC arc plasma evaporation, the influences of supersonic dispersing time and surfactant concentration on the dispersing properties in alcohol solvent were studied systematically for the silver nanopowders by using polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and oleic acid as surfactants. The results show that the suspension dispersion effects increased up to a maximum, then decreased with the increasing of ultrasonic dispersing time, similar to the increase of surfactant concentration. PVP is the best dispersant for the four kinds of surfactant using in the experiments, the optimum dispersing condition is PVP of 1.5wt% for the ultrasonic dispersing time of 40 min.