Ag/La2NiO4基电触头在直流大电流条件下电弧侵蚀的实验与有限元研究

Finite Element Method and Experimental Investigation on the Arc Erosion of Ag/La2NiO4 Base Electrical Contacts at High Direct Current

摘要:

在电接触试验机上测量Ag/La2NiO4基电触头，得到在直流18 V、30 A的工作条件下的相关实验数据。并进一步分析电触头对的阴极和阳极的表面形貌、电弧侵蚀和质量变化特点。在此基础上，通过对实验中闭合电弧→接触电阻焦耳热→分断电弧→自然冷却过程的分析，建立一个电触头使用过程中的瞬态温度场的计算模型；根据测得的相关实验数据，采用有限元方法对该模型进行计算，得到电触头的瞬态温度场的分布和演化特点。通过计算结果可以较好预测电弧侵蚀的特点以及材料转移方向，并给出关于材料熔化、汽化等方面的许多重要信息。这些结果对于该电触头材料的侵蚀和使用寿命的研究具有一定参考价值。

Abstract:

Experimental data of Ag/La2NiO4 base electrical contacts in the condition of DC 18V/30A were obtained by electrical contact experimental instrument. The morphology of anode and cathode surface, arc erosion and weight change were analysis. A transient temperature field model of electrical contacts was established by the following procedure analysis: the close arc→ the contact resistance Joule heat → the open arc. The features and distribution of the transient temperature field were calculated by finite element method according to the experimental data. From the results, not only the feature of arc erosion and direction of mass change were predicted, but also the important information about material melting and vaporization were understood, which are valuable to research the erosion mechanism and lifetime for the Ag/La2NiO4 base electrical contacts material.