纳米银粉体新法制备及其表征

Preparation of Silver Nanopowder by a Novel Method and Its Characterization

摘要:

采用均匀沉淀和高温热分解相结合的方法制备了纳米银粉体，分析了粉体形成机理，研究了pH值、烧结温度和时间对粉体粒径和形貌的影响；采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜表征了纳米银粉体结构、组成、大小和形貌。结果表明，pH=7、烧结温度300 ℃、烧结2 h的条件下可得到分散性好、颗粒均匀，粒径50 nm的粉体。本制备方法原料易得、成本低、设备及工艺简单，反应副产物易回收且可用作肥料，整个过程满足清洁生产的要求。

Abstract:

The uniformly dispersed silver nanopowders were prepared by even precipitation combined with thermal decomposition. The formation mechanism of silver nanopowder was investigated. The effects of pH value, calcination temperature and time on the size and morphology of the silver nanopowder were studied. The structure, composition, size and morphology of silver nanopowder were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Results show that when the pH value is 7, calcinations temperature is 300 ℃ and the time 2 h, the obtained silver powders with an average size of 50 nm have excellent dispersion and uniform size. The method used for silver nanopowder production in this study has many advantages: the raw materials are easy to get and cheaper, the side-products in the production is recoverable with water, and the recovery can be used as a fertilizer in agriculture. Therefore, the processes can meet the requirements of clean-production of silver nanopowders.