过量Mg、Si元素对6101电工导线性能影响及机制探究

The effects of excess Mg, Si on the properties of 6101 conducting wire and exploring the mechanism

摘要:

本文通过电导率测试、拉伸试验、XRD、显微组织分析的方法研究了过量Mg、Si元素对6101铝合金导线强度及导电率的影响。结果表明： Mg过量超过0.15%的6101合金时效后，由于Mg在Al基体中有很大的固溶极限，大量的过剩Mg依然存在于基体中，在增加基体畸变程度的同时还会降低强化相在基体中的溶解度，使强化相容易从基体中析出并长大粗化，对合金时效强化的效果和导电率有不利的影响；Si过量0.13%、0.05%的6101合金时效后，过剩Si原子会从基体中析出，减小基体的晶格畸变，有利于导电性能的提高；过剩Si的存在可促进β″相的析出，增强合金时效强化效果与速率，且Si过量0.13%合金效果强于Si过量0.05%合金。

Abstract:

The effects of excess Mg, Si on the conductivity and mechanical properties of 6101 conducting wire were studied by the ways of conductivity measurement, tensile test, XRD and microstructure analysis .The results showed that, the alloys with more than 0.15% excess of Mg, after aging, one side, Mg would still exist in matrix and cause lattice distortion. On the other hand, the solubility of precipitates would be significantly reduced and easily turn to coarse phase causing by excess Mg. The changes in this two aspects restrict the improve of conductivity and mechanical properties; To the alloys with 0.13%, 0.05% excess of Si, after aging , the excess Si separate from the matrix, which decreases the degree of lattice distortion and promote the precipitation of β. In addition, excess Si reduces the bad effect of Fe by forming AlSiFe ternary phase. So excess Si does good for improving alloy’s conductivity and mechanical properties.