钨丝增强铜基复合材料超高速撞击后的微观损伤

Micro-damage of Tungsten Fiber Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites under Hypervelocity Impact

摘要:

通过渗流铸造的方法将Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6合金与钨丝复合制备出Wf/Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6复合材料。采用二级轻气炮进行Wf/Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6复合材料弹体超高速侵彻混凝土靶的实验，实验速度为2.4km/s。借助透射电镜对侵彻后剩余弹体的微观组织进行观察，由于侵彻过程中高温高压的作用，剩余弹体的不同区域出现了不同的微观组织，从弹头到弹尾依次出现了非晶组织、再结晶、孪晶、层错和位错。非晶组织是由于弹体在撞击过程中产生的高温使基体铜合金发生了熔化而后又快速凝固产生的，再结晶组织是由于基体铜发生了旋转动态再结晶而产生的，孪晶、层错、高密度位错是由于弹体在侵彻过程中受到大的动载荷冲击发生严重塑性变形而产生的。

Abstract:

Wf/Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6 composite was fabricated by Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6 alloy and tungsten fiber by means of infiltration casting. Used two-stage light gas gun, Wf/Cu78Al10Fe6Ni6 composite hypervelocity projectile impacted concrete target test with the speed of 2.4 km/s was finished. Microstructure of the residual projectiles after penetration was observed with the aid of transmission electron microscope (TEM). Due to the effect of high temperature and pressure during the process of penetration, there were different microstructures existing in different zones of the residual projectiles, i.e. amorphous microstructures, recrystallization microstructures, twins, stacking faults and dislocations in order from warhead to afterbody. Matrix copper alloy melted and then rapidly solidified due to high temperature produced by projectiles during the process of impact, thus amorphous microstructures were generated. Recrystallization microstructures were generated due to rotational dynamic recrystallization of copper matrix. Twins, stacking faults and high-density dislocations were generated due to serious plastic deformation of projectiles under large dynamic loads in the process of penetration.