TC4合金蜂窝冰固持低温铣削研究

Research on milling of TC4 alloy honeycombin ice fixation and cryogenic

摘要:

广泛应用于航天领域的低刚度薄壁钛合金蜂窝材料，在铣削加工中面临卷曲、开焊、塌边等缺陷，需改进其固持和加工方法。材料通过冰固持方法处理，并进行高速深冷铣削加工；分析了蜂窝铣削性能和加工缺陷产生原因，提出了冰固持超低温铣削机理。结果表明，相比于传统固持加工方式，经冰固持低温铣削的钛合金蜂窝表面质量有很大提高，加工缺陷被有效抑制；切削深度对表面质量影响较大。切削参数对铣削力影响顺序：切深最大，可提高约3倍，其次是主轴转速，进给速度影响最小。冰固持低温方法提高了蜂窝强度，实现了超低温切削，改变了断屑方式。结论：冰固持低温切削为面内径向等效强度小、低刚度薄壁钛合金蜂窝材料高效加工提供了新方法。

Abstract:

Considering burr and collapse edge processing defects of Ti alloy honeycomb material using in aerospace with low stiffness and thin-walled, fixation and processing method should be improved. The material was treated by ice fixation method. CNC milling machine was used for the cryogenic processing. The honeycomb properties and reasons of machining defects were analyzed. Low-temperature milling mechanism of ice fixation was established. Results show that compared to the traditional processing way, the ice fixation milling surfaces have great improvement, and the processing defects are effectively suppressed. Moreover the cutting depth has greater influence on surface quality than spindle speed. The new method can improve the strength of honeycomb. Influence order of cutting parameters on the milling force can be obtained: cut deep is the largest and 3 times can be improved, followed by the spindle speed, feed speed which has minimal impact. Conclusion: for efficient processing of metal honeycomb material with small in-plane radial equivalent strength and low rigidity thin-wall, the ice fixation provides a new processing method.