医用可降解镁合金抗菌性、溶血以及生物相容性的研究进展

Antibacterial properties, hemolysis and biocompatibility of biodegradable medical magnesium alloys

摘要:

镁及镁合金因其密度低、弹性模量与硬组织匹配、可降解吸收以及具有优异的生物相容性等优点已成为可降解生物材料领域的研究热点。但镁合金体内降解速率过快且降解时产生析氢反应并引发局部PH环境升高,这会影响周围组织的生长,甚至会发生溶血、溶骨现象,这严重限制其在临床上应用。采用添加适当合金元素以及镁合金表面改性被认为是减缓镁合金腐蚀速率以期达到其降解行为可控的有效方法。综述了可降解镁合金抗菌性和溶血性能的研究状况,系统阐述了近5年来可降解镁合金生物相容性的最近进展,展望了医用可降解镁合金未来的研究方向和挑战。

Abstract:

Biodegradable magnesium and magnesium alloys have received much attractions due to their light weight, suitable elastic modulus, biodegradability and excellent biocompatibility. However, the magnesium corrodes too fast in vivo, accompanied with hydrogen evolution and increase of PH value in local tissues around during degradation, which plays a detrimental role in the surrounding tissues and leads to hemolysis and bone tissue absorption sometimes. The poor corrosion resistance of Mg and Mg alloys limits in their clinical applications. Addition of proper alloying elements and surface modification of magnesium alloys are expected to be effective methods for retarding the corrosion rate and attaining controllable degradation behavior of Mg alloys. In this paper, investigations on antibacterial properties and hemolysis of biodegradable magnesium alloys are reviewed and research progresses of biocompatibility of biodegradable magnesium alloys in recent five years are systematically discussed. The development directions and challenges of biodegradable magnesium alloys in the future are presented.