核聚变装置中钨材料损伤行为的研究进展

Research Progress in Damage of Tungsten and Tungsten-base Materials for Nuclear Fusion Device

摘要:

轻核聚变反应产生的核能是解决能源问题的有效途径。但核聚变堆中材料的工作环境苛刻，钨凭借其优异性能成为今后核聚变装置中最有前途的备选材料，然而纯钨用于聚变堆时，存在韧脆转变温度较高、再结晶温度低、辐照硬化和脆化以及难加工等问题。因此，引入钨基材料以达到解决上述问题的目的。在此基础上，介绍了钨和钨基材料在等离子体辐照、高热负荷以及高能中子辐照作用下的损伤行为，讨论了损伤机理，并指出了尚需研究的若干关键问题。

Abstract:

Producing fusion energy by light nuclear fusion reaction is an effective way to solve the energy problem. The materials in the reactor will face harsh working environment. Tungsten, with excellent properties, has become one of the most promising candidate materials in the future nuclear fusion device. But pure tungsten has some problems in the fusion, such as high ductile brittle transition temperature, low recrystallization temperature, irradiation hardening, embrittlement and difficult processing problem. Therefore, researching the tungsten-base material is used to solve the problems. On the basis of analysis of damage behavior of tungsten and tungsten-base materials under plasma irradiation, high heat load and high-energy neutron irradiation. Damage mechanism are discussed. Several key issues which need to be studied hereafter are put forward.