纳米银线的高效合成实验研究

A Research on Efficient Synthesis of Silver Nanowires

摘要:

纳米银线因其纳米级别的尺寸效应,拥有良好的导电性,优异的透光性、柔性且价格低廉、原料来源广等特点,被认为是替代传统氧化铟锡透明电极材料的下一代新型材料,已被大量应用于太阳能电池、柔性触摸屏及柔性液晶显示等领域的研究,其制备研究受到了人们的广泛关注。纳米银线的制备方法主要为多元醇法,本文针对传统多元醇法制备纳米银线长度较短且产率较低这一现状,采用氯化铜为刻蚀剂,抑制氧对银线的刻蚀性,提升了银线产率及长度,并考察了反应温度、PVP和硝酸银摩尔比、硝酸银和刻蚀剂摩尔比等实验因素对于银线形貌的影响,结论表明：反应温度为160℃、PVP和硝酸银摩尔比为1.5、硝酸银和刻蚀剂摩尔比为200时,纳米银线生长平均长度可达60μm,铜离子的加入可有效提升银线的收率,一次反应收率超过80%。

Abstract:

_:_{Silver nanowires have garnered a significant amount of research attention due to their excellent electrical, transmittance, flexible properties as well as the source of raw materials is wide and cheap, which are now regarded as the next generation of flexible transparent materials} _{and have been used in the fields of solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and flexible liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The length and yield of silver nanowires synthesisd with traditional polyol process is lower, which is the major method for the synthesis of silver nanowires. For above background, to improve the length and yiled of silver nanowires, CuCl}₂_{was used as the etching agent, which can prevent the oxidative etching, besides, temperature, polymer to AgNO}₃_{ratio and CuCl}₂_{amount were all considerable factors. The result show that the length of silver nanowires could grow to 60 μm when temperature was 160}_℃_{, PVP to AgNO}₃_{molar ratio was 1.5, AgNO}₃_{to CuCl}₂_{molar ratio was 200, the yield of silver nanowires could over 80%.}