碳/碳复合材料钎焊连接概况

Overview of the brazing of carbon-carbon composites

摘要:

碳/碳复合材料单独使用受到一定的限制,与其它材料的连接成为其应用的一大关键技术。钎焊是近几十年内,研究最多、最成熟、应用最广泛的一种C/C复合材料与金属的连接方法。由于材料本身的特性,C/C复合材料的钎焊仍存在很多的不足,不能满足特定条件下的使用需求。本文综述了C/C复合材料的钎焊连接概况。包括C/C复合材料与金属材料钎焊的连接难点、已研究的连接体系和接头连接机理。重点归纳了C/C复合材料的钎焊方法和基本原理,主要包括：采用活性金属钎料直接钎焊；采用微纳颗粒增强复合钎料或添加应力缓冲层复合材料；对C/C复合材料进行表面改性处理；及改变界面结构等方面。分析了目前研究已经取得的突破进展及仍然存在的问题,并分析和总结了C/C复合材料钎焊的可行性措施,对后续C/C复合材料钎焊的研究及连接性能的提高作出基础性参考。

Abstract:

Since the individual use of C/C composite is limited, the joining with other materials becomes a key technology in its application. Brazing is one kind of joining method that has been studied most, maturest and most widely used for C/C composite in recent decades. Nonetheless, there are still many deficiencies in the brazing of C/C composites because of the characteristic of the composite itself, which cannot meet the needs of specific conditions. The current brazing situation of C/C composite is reviewed in this paper. The difficulties of joining C/C composites and metals, the bonding systems that had been studied, and the joining mechanisms are included. The brazing methods and basic joining mechanisms of C/C composite are summarized emphatically, mainly including: direct brazing with active filler materials, using micro-nano particles reinforced or stress buffer layer added composite filler materials, surface modifying of C/C composite, and changing the interface structure, and so on. The current research breakthroughs and remaining problems are analyzed. The feasibility measures of brazing C/C composite are analyzed and summarized to provide basic reference for subsequent research on the brazing of C/C composites and the improvement of joint performance.