基于SPS-热轧法钨颗粒增强铝基复合材料微观组织及力学性能研究

Microstructures and mechanical properties of tungsten particle reinforced 6061Al composites fabricated by SPS and hot rolling

摘要:

本文采用放电等离子烧结→热轧制方法制备了颗粒含量为1～7%的钨颗粒增强铝基复合材料,研究钨颗粒含量对复合材料的微观组织、机械性能和导电性能的影响。研究结果表明：钨颗粒均匀的分布在基体铝合金当中,W/Al界面之间达到了冶金结合,在界面处存在元素扩散和WAl12金属间化合物的生成。在复合材料中,随着钨颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的致密度和韧性降低而拉伸强度呈现先升高后降低的趋势。其中,1和3 vol.% W/Al复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂韧性分别为192.85 MPa (16.84%) 和315.18 MPa (11.93%)。此外,W/Al复合材料具有良好的电导率,W颗粒的含量对复合材料的影响较小。

Abstract:

In this study, tungsten particle (Wp) reinforced 6061Al matrix composites with different volume fractions (1～7%) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) followed by hot-rolling. The effects of Wp content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of the as-rolled composites were investigated. The results show that the W particles were homogeneously distributed in the metal matrix, achieving excellent metallurgical bonding. At the interface of Wp/6061Al, element solid solution and WAl12 intermetallics were formed during the fabrication process. The mechanical test results show that, with the increase of W volume fraction, relative density and ductility of the as-rolled composites decreased while the tensile strength first increased and then decreased. It is noteworthy that both high tensile strength and ductility were obtained by the composites with 1 and 3 vol.% Wp, being 192.85 MPa ,16.84% and 315.18 MPa ,11.93%, respectively. Besides, the fabricated Wp reinforced 6061Al matrix composites had excellent electrical conductivity and the increase of Wp content had a little influence on the electrical conductivity.