氘在钨铜复合材料中的渗透和滞留行为研究

Studies on the permeation and retention behavior of deuterium in tungsten-copper compound material

摘要:

本工作对钨铜复合材料中的氢同位素渗透和滞留行为进行了研究,通过采用气体驱动渗透和热脱附谱测量获得了氘在钨及钨铜复合材料中的渗透率、扩散系数、溶解度及相关活化能数据,并对氘在钨铜复合材料中的渗透和滞留性能进行了分析。研究结果表明：1)氘在钨铜复合材料中的渗透率比在纯钨中大2-3个数量级；2)在钨铜复合材料中的扩散系数比在纯钨中大5-6个数量级；3)随着复合材料中铜的含量增加增加,氘的渗透率与扩散系数均呈现增大趋势；4)钨铜复合材料之间的相界面具有氘快扩散通道作用。氘在钨铜复合材料中的溶解度比起纯钨小很多,溶解激活能也更大,说明铜对氘在钨中的固溶可能具有减弱的作用,这与氘在钨铜复合材料中快速扩散的结论一致。在气相热充实验中,因为快速降温使钨铜复合材料中捕获的氘来不及释放,所以钨铜复合材料中氘的表观滞留量比纯钨高约1个数量级。

Abstract:

The permeation and retention of hydrogen isotopes in tungsten-copper composites were studied. The permeability, diffusion coefficient, solubility and activation energy of deuterium in tungsten and tungsten-copper composites were obtained by gas driven permeation and thermal desorption spectroscopy, and the permeation and retention properties of deuterium in tungsten-copper composites were also analyzed. The results show that the permeability of deuterium in tungsten-copper composite material is 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than that of pure tungsten, and the diffusion coefficient of deuterium in tungsten-copper composite material is 5-6 orders of magnitude larger than that of pure tungsten. With the increase of copper content in the composite, the permeability and diffusion coefficient of deuterium increased. The phase interface between tungsten-copper compound material acts as a deuterium fast diffusion channel. The solubility of deuterium in tungsten-copper compound material is much smaller than that of pure tungsten, and the dissolution activation energy is also larger, indicating that copper may have a weakened effect on the solid solution of deuterium in tungsten, which is consistent with the conclusion that deuterium diffuses rapidly in tungsten-copper compound material. The apparent retention of deuterium in tungsten-copper compound material is approximately 1 order of magnitude higher than that in pure tungsten because the deuterium trapped in the tungsten-copper compound material cannot be released in time due to rapid cooling in the gas absorption experiment.