非晶态Al/Ti球形金属粒子的制备及其对高能炸药热分解的催化性能

Metallic amorphous Al/Ti spherical particles and its catalysis effects on the thermal decomposition of high explosives

摘要:

通过控制球磨时间及Al和Ti的质量比,用机械球磨法制备了一种无定型的球形Al/Ti合金粉,其平均粒径为3.76um。研究了这种合金粉对HNS、LLM-105、RDX、HMX和CL-20五种高能炸药热分解的催化作用。结果表明,与原料HNS比较,添加了5wt.%Al/Ti非晶态合金粉的HNS在不同的升温速率下其热分解峰温分别降低了6.9°C、7.2°C、4.8°C和5.2°C。同样,对于其它四种炸药,添加Al/Ti后炸药的热分解温度较原料都明显降低。同时,计算了所有炸药样品热分解过程的热动力学参数。结果表明,相对于原料炸药,添加了Al/Ti非晶态合金粉的炸药其热分解活化能分别降低了52.4kJ.mol^-1(HNS)、41.6kJ.mol^-1(LLM-105)、8.6kJ.mol^-1(RDX)、48.4kJ.mol^-1(HMX)和46.7 kJ.mol^-1(CL-20)。这说明Al/Ti非晶态合金粉对高能炸药的热分解过程有明显的催化作用。

Abstract:

By controlling the milling time and the mass proportion of Al to Ti, the metallic amorphous Al/Ti spherical particles (Al/Ti alloy) with mean size of 3.76um were fabricated by mechanical milling method. The catalysis effects of the as prepared Al/Ti alloy on the thermolysis of five explosives, i.e. Hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105), Cyclotrimethyltrinitroamine (RDX), Cyclotetramethylenetetranilamine (HMX), and Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) were probed using thermal analysis. For HNS, the decomposition peak temperature (Tp) of the doped HNS with the alloy decreased by 6.9°C, 7.2°C, 4.8°C and 5.2°C respectively at different heating rates compared with raw HNS. Similarly, for the rest four explosives, the Tp value of the doped explosives with the alloy mainly decreased compared with the respective raw explosive. All thermodynamic parameters of the explosives were calculated. It indicated that the active energy (EK) of the doped explosives with alloy markedly declined by 52.4 kJ.mol^-1 (HNS), 41.6 kJ.mol^-1 (LLM-105), 8.6 kJ.mol^-1(RDX),48.4 kJ.mol^-1(HMX), and 46.7 kJ.mol^-1(CL-20), respectively. It is ascertained that doping spherical amorphous Al/Ti alloy can promote the thermal decomposition of explosives.