铝锂合金组织、性能及成形工艺的研究现状与展望

Research progress and prospects of the microstructures, properties, and forming techniques of Al-Li alloy

摘要:

铝锂合金具有较高的比强度、比刚度以及优良的抗腐蚀性能和抗疲劳性能，在航空、航天、航海等关键领域备受关注。铝锂合金在美、俄等国已经被研究并应用了数十年；我国也通过多个科技攻关项目，在铝锂合金的研发、生产与应用方面取得了长足进展，但与发达国家相比尚有一定差距。本文从国内外铝锂合金的发展历程出发，深入探讨了铝锂合金的合金化思路、时效析出及强韧化机制。同时，对铝锂合金新型的成形及热处理工艺现状进行了系统的归纳总结。最后，提出了我国目前在铝锂合金开发应用方面存在的问题并对该系合金的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Al-Li alloys have attracted considerable attention in the key fields of aviation, aerospace, and navigation owing to their high specific strength and stiffness, good corrosion and fatigue resistance. Al-Li alloys have been studied and applied for decades in the United States, Russia and other countries. The researches and applications of Al-Li alloys in our China have also achieved great progress through a number of science and technology projects. However, there is still a certain gap between China and developed countries. Based on the development of Al-Li alloys at home and abroad, alloying techniques, aging precipitation behavior, the strengthening and toughening mechanism of Al-Li alloys are discussed. At the same time, the new processes and heat treatments of Al-Li alloys are summarized. At the end of this paper, the existing problems in the development and application of Al-Li alloys in China are put forward and the development direction of Al-Li alloy is prospected.