碳纳米管修饰的空心多孔NiO/SnO2纳米复合材料对丙酮传感性能的优化

Enhanced sensing properties of acetone with hollow porous NiO/SnO2 nanocomposites decorated by Carbon nanotubes

摘要:

通过静电纺丝法制备中空多孔的NiO/SnO2复合纳米纤维,在复合纤维表面装饰碳纳米管,在此基础上制备气敏传感器器件。利用TGA确定了复合材料热分解温度,得到热处理工艺；利用SEM、XRD、TEM、XPS分别对复合材料的形貌、结构、尺寸、表面成分进行了表征。使用WS-30A气敏元件测试仪对气敏元件响应进行测试,结果表明CNTs装饰的NiO/SnO2复合纳米材料制备的气敏传感器降低了丙酮检测最佳工作温度,为160℃,提高了检测灵敏度,对50 ppm丙酮的响应达到25.25,对检测丙酮有快速的响应(~8.2 s)以及恢复性能(~10.5 s),同时在30天的长期稳定性测试中也体现了良好的稳定性。证明了装饰CNTs 的 NiO/SnO₂复合材料在检测丙酮方面的潜在价值,同时本文也进一步讨论了CNTs, 中空多孔结构的NiO/SnO₂提高检测性能的作用机理。

关键词:NiO /SnO[sub_s]2[sub_e]; 半导体; 碳纳米管; 气体传感器

Abstract:

The hollow porous NiO/SnO₂ composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method, then the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were decorated on the surface of the composite fibers and this material marked as CNTs/NiO/SnO₂. On this basis, a gas sensor device was prepared. The thermal decomposition temperature of the composites was determined by TGA, and the heat treatment process was obtained. The morphology, structure, size and surface composition of the composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, TEM and XPS. The test results of the gas sensors based on the composites showed that the gas sensor prepared by CNTs NiO/SnO₂ composite nanomaterial reduces the optimum working temperature in detecting acetone gas, which was 160°C, and the composite nanomaterial also improved the detection sensitivity. The gas sensors based CNTs/NiO/SnO₂ had a good response to 50 ppm acetone, reaching at 25.25, responded quickly to the detection of acetone (~8.2 s) and recovery performance (~10.5 s), while also showing good stability in the 30 day long-term stability test. In this research, the potential value of NiO/SnO₂ composites with decorative CNTs in the detection of acetone was proved. At the same time, the mechanism of the improvement of detection performance of CNTs and hollow porous structure NiO/SnO₂ was discussed.

Key words:NiO/SnO₂; Semiconductors; Carbon nanotubes; Gas sensors