增材制造用高流动性铝合金粉末制备技术研究

Investigation of centrifugal atomization technology of high fluidity aluminium alloy powder for additive manufacturing

摘要:

采用自主开发的旋转盘离心雾化实验装置进行雾化制备增材制造用铝合金粉末实验研究,通过开展雾化盘实验研究优选出粒度分布较均匀收得率较好的盘形,并获得其结构和工艺参数的影响规律；通过对制得的铝合金粉末性能和3D打印成型件物理性能进行检测,结果表明：离心雾化制备的铝合金粉末具有高流动性、窄粒度、高球形度、高松比,表面光洁无卫星粉,无空心粉等特点,同时3D打印离心雾化样件熔覆道均匀,孔洞缺陷少,致密度和力学性能明显优于气雾化样件,尤其是抗拉强度和屈服强达到495MPa和320MPa,相比气雾化粉打印样件提高近10%。

Abstract:

An experimental device for centrifugal atomization of rotating disk was developed independently, then, high fluidity aluminium alloy powder for additive manufacturing were produced by the self-developed experimental device, and the better shape of the atomized disk was obtained by experimental study. The properties of aluminum alloy powder produced by centrifugal atomization and the physical properties of 3D printed parts were tested. Results show that the powder made by centrifugal atomization is high fluidity, narrow size distribution, good spherical, high apparent density, no hollow powder and the surface is smooth without satellite powder, etc. Moreover, the 3D printing sample of centrifugal atomization powder has more uniform laser cladding coating and less hole defects, and its density and mechanical properties are significantly better than those of gas atomization powder, especially, tensile strength and yield strength of 3D printing sample reaches 495MPa and 320 MPa, which is nearly 10% higher than that of gas atomization powder.