增材制造W-Ni-Fe系高比重合金的研究进展

Research progress of additive manufacturing of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys

摘要:

金属增材制造技术是从20世纪90年代初期发展起来的一项先进制造技术，能够实现高性能复杂结构金属零件的无模具、快速、全致密近净成形。高比重W-Ni-Fe合金由于具有高密度、高强度和高塑性等特性，广泛应用于国防工业和国民经济领域。近年来，W-Ni-Fe高比重钨合金的增材制造受到了广泛关注。本文综述了国内外研究机构采用选区激光熔化技术（SLM）、激光熔化沉积技术（LMD）、电子束选区熔化技术（EBSM）和粘合喷射技术（BJP）四种增材制造技术制备W-Ni-Fe合金的研究进展，从成形工艺、成形件微观组织和力学性能等方面进行了分析，并对未来研究趋势做出了预测。

Abstract:

Metal additive manufacturing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology developed from the early 1990s, which can realize the non-die, fast, fully dense near-net forming of complex high-performance structural metal parts. W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys are widely used in defense industry and national economy due to their properties of high density, high strength and high plasticity. In recent years, the additive manufacturing of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys has attracted extensive attention. This paper summarizes the research progress of additive manufacturing of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys from domestic and foreign research institutions, which use selective laser melting (SLM), laser melting deposition (LMD), electron beam selective melting (EBSM) and binder jet printing (BJP) to prepare W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys. The forming process, microstructure and mechanical properties of the additive manufactured parts are analyzed. The research trends are finally speculated.