激光增材技术制备金属基石墨烯复合材料

Research on 3D laser printing technology of olefin ink composite materials

摘要:

增材制造技术（3D打印）是先进制造技术的重要发展方向，已经应用到航空航天、汽车工业、生物医学等重要领域中。自2004年首次剥离出单层石墨烯后，石墨烯等二维晶体材料逐渐成为了复合材料领域的研究热点。其表现出的优良力学性能及导电导热性使其更加适用于增强相材料。石墨烯与金属合金复合，通过调整石墨烯增强相的含量和分布，有望大幅提高金属基体材料的力学强度、导电导热等性能，获得性能优异的结构功能一体化材料。激光增材制造技术和石墨烯纳米片高比表面积和各向异性的优点相结合，对石墨烯与金属粉末进一步加工混合，再逐层打印构造3D 结构，已成为一个全新的研究方向，正在引领着第四代工业革命的进展。本文以激光增材制造技术为主体，从三个角度综述激光增材制造技术制备金属基石墨烯复合材料的研究进展，即激光增材制造技术制备石墨烯铝、镍及其他金属基复合材料，对比了形成工艺以及材料的性能，并分析了今后可能的发展方向。

Abstract:

Additive manufacturing technology (3D printing) is an important development direction of advanced manufacturing technology, which has been applied to aerospace, automotive industry, biomedicine and other important fields. Since the first exfoliation of single-layer graphene in 2004, graphene and other two-dimensional crystal materials have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of composite materials. Its excellent mechanical properties and conductivity make it more suitable for reinforced phase materials. By adjusting the content and distribution of graphene reinforcement phase, the mechanical strength, conductivity and other properties of metal matrix materials can be greatly improved, and excellent structure function integrated materials can be obtained. Laser additive manufacturing technology combined with the advantages of high specific surface area and anisotropy of graphene nanosheets, further processing and mixing of graphene and metal powder, and then layer by layer printing to construct 3D structure, has become a new research direction, which is leading the progress of the fourth generation of industrial revolution. Based on laser additive manufacturing technology, this paper summarizes the research progress of graphene based metal matrix composites prepared by laser additive manufacturing technology from three aspects, that is, graphene based aluminum, nickel and other metal matrix composites prepared by laser additive manufacturing technology. The forming process and material properties are compared, and the possible development direction in the future is analyzed.