钨铼合金制备工艺及其热负载行为的研究现状

Research status of preparation technology and thermal loading behavior of W-Re alloys

摘要:

钨凭借其优异的性能,已成为核聚变堆面向等离子体材料的候选材料之一。在核聚变堆运行过程中,钨将面临高热负载辐照、高氢/氦等离子体辐照和高能中子辐照。其中,钨经中子辐照后会产生嬗变元素铼,随着核聚变反应的进行,这些元素将在钨中持续产生和积累,形成嬗变产物钨铼合金。因此,钨面向等离子体材料的热力学参数和耐热负载性能会发生变化,这将关系到钨面向等离子体材料的服役性能,甚至关系到反应堆的稳定运行问题。目前,由于在实验室条件下核聚变高能中子的产生受限,故而对嬗变产物钨铼合金的研究主要基于实验室制备的钨铼合金。本文综述了现阶段钨铼合金的主要制备工艺及其热负载行为,分析了钨铼合金热辐照行为中存在的问题,希望能为未来核聚变堆中钨面向等离子体材料的早日应用提供参考。

Abstract:

Tungsten, with excellent properties, has become one of the candidate materials for plasma facing materials in nuclear fusion reactor. During the operation of nuclear fusion reactor, the transmutation element Re generated by neutron irradiation of tungsten, which will continue to produce and accumulate in tungsten to form the transmutation product tungsten-rhenium alloys. Therefore, the thermodynamic parameters and thermal loading resistance of tungsten plasma facing materials have changed, which will affect the service properties of plasma facing materials, and even related to the stable operation of the reactor. At present, the generation of fusion high-energy neutrons under laboratory conditions is limited. Therefore, the research on the transmutation product tungsten-rhenium alloys is mainly based on the tungsten-rhenium alloys prepared in the laboratory. In this paper, the major preparation processes and thermal loading behavior of tungsten-rhenium alloys at present are summarized, and the existing scientific problems in the thermal loading behavior of tungsten-rhenium alloys are analyzed, which provides reference for the application of tungsten as plasma facing materials in future nuclear fusion reactor.