铜-钢双螺旋复合金属橡胶动态力学及电学性能

Dynamic mechanical and electrical properties of copper-steel composite metal rubber with double-helix structure

摘要:

针对航空飞行器、运载车辆电控箱等关键元件的轻量化、减振和导电等多功能需求，设计和制备了一种具有双螺旋结构的铜-钢丝复合金属橡胶。采用有限元数值模拟分析了复合金属橡胶成型过程中的细观螺旋丝勾连网络结构组织演变，搭建了变激励动态力学试验和电阻性能测试平台，提出了采用损伤因子来评判试件疲劳破坏程度，研究了不同铜-钢丝质量比对动态减振性能、疲劳损伤以及静动态电阻性能的影响。研究结果表明：当频幅增大时，试件动态刚度增加，而损耗因子减小；损伤因子越大，试件的动态刚度和损耗因子变化越显著；铜-钢丝质量比越大的试件对应的细观内部丝材动态磨损越严重；静态压缩行程增大，试件电阻值随之减少；动态振动次数增加，试件电阻值均有所增大，铜丝比例越大电阻值增幅越显著。

Abstract:

Drived by the need to develop the key components with multifunctional performances such as lightweight, vibration-reduction and electrical conductivity for aviation aircraft, electic control box of vehicle, a copper-steel wire composite metal rubber with double-helix structure was designed and fabricated. The internal crosslinked meso-structure evolution of composite metal rubber was analysed by means of finite element simulation. In order to better understand the dynamic mechanical and the electrical properties of the copper-steel wire composite metal rubber, the experimental platforms for the dynamic loading test with variable excitation condition and the electrical resistance test were established. The damage factor was proposed to evaluate the fatigue failure of composite metal rubber. The effects of copper-steel mass ratio on the dynamic vibration reduction performance, fatigue damage and static/dynamic electrical resistance were invesitigated. The results show that the dynamic stiffness increases and the loss factor decreases with the increase of frequency and amplitude. The larger damage factor, the more sensitivity of dynamic stiffness fluctuation and loss factor fluctuation. The larger copper-steel mass ratio leads to the more serious dynamic wear of internal crosslinked wires. The electrical resistance decreases with the increase of static compression. With the increase of dynamic vibration cycle, the electrical resistance exhibits the increasing evolution, especially for the larger ratio of copper wire.