三元层状MoAlB材料的研究进展

Research progress of ternary-layered boride MoAlB

摘要:

二元过渡金属硼化物因高熔点、高硬度和高导热性等优点在航空航天领域具有重要应用前景。然而，该类材料的本征脆性和较差的抗氧化性严重制约了其在高温极端环境下的应用。MAB相是在二元硼化物晶胞中引入IIIA和IVA族元素原子得到的一类新型三元层状硼化物，兼具陶瓷和金属诸多优异性能，其中MoAlB具有优异的断裂韧性、抗氧化性、损伤容限特性和机械加工性，成为MAB相材料的研究热点。本文概述了MoAlB粉末、块体、涂层的制备方法及基本性能，包括理化、力学、摩擦和抗高温氧化性能等；讨论了MoAlB的改性方法及机制，旨在明确MoAlB材料在制备和应用过程中存在的关键问题及可能的解决途径，并指出了MoAlB材料的潜在应用领域。

Abstract:

Binary transition metal borides have an important application prospect in aerospace field because of their high melting point, high hardness and high thermal conductivity, but their intrinsic brittleness and poor oxidation resistance seriously restrict their high temperature application in extreme environment. MAB phase is a new ternary transition metal boride obtained by introducing IIIA and IVA atoms into binary boride cells, which shows many excellent properties like ceramics and metals. In all the MAB phases, MoAlB has become the research focus due to its excellent fracture toughness, oxidation resistance, damage tolerance and machinability. Thus, the preparation methods and some basic properties of the MoAlB powder, bulk and coating, including physicochemical properties, mechanical properties, friction and high temperature oxidation resistance, were summarized in this paper. Additionally, the modification method and mechanism of MoAlB materials were discussed in order to clarify the key problems and possible solutions in the preparation and application of MoAlB materials, and the potential application fields of MoAlB materials were also presented.