低热应变镁合金研究综述

Review of low thermal strain magnesium alloys

摘要:

镁和镁基合金是重要的轻量化金属材料,广泛应用于汽车、通讯、航空等领域。由于镁合金热膨胀系数较高,当应用于精密器件时易导致组装精密度降低、力学性能下降等问题。因此需要研发低热应变镁基材料,以满足此类应用的要求。本文对降低镁合金热膨胀系数的原理及方法进行综述,归纳比较了合金化、复合材料和特殊加工工艺等调整镁合金热膨胀系数的主要方法的原理,总结出高熔点元素合金化、高硬度颗粒掺杂、低热膨胀系数纤维掺杂以及热处理结合挤压加工方法等降低镁合金热膨胀系数的有效方法,并对未来该领域的研究趋势进行了展望。

Abstract:

Magnesium and magnesium-based alloys are important lightweight metal materials, which are widely used in automobile, communication, aviation and other fields. Due to the high thermal expansion coefficient of magnesium alloy, the assembly precision and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy are easily reduced when it is applied to precision devices. Therefore, low thermal strain magnesium-based materials need to be developed to meet the requirements of such applications. In this paper, the principles and methods of reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of magnesium alloy are reviewed, and the main methods of adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient of magnesium alloy, such as alloying, composite materials and special processing technology, are summarized and compared. The methods of reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of magnesium alloys, such as alloying with high melting point elements, doping with high hardness particles, doping with low thermal expansion coefficient fiber and heat treatment combined with extrusion processing, were summarized, and the future research trends in this field were prospected.