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固溶处理对选区激光熔化AlSi10Mg合金激光焊孔隙缺陷的影响
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南昌航空大学 轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室

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中图分类号:

TG665

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on Pore Defect of Laser Weld of AlSi10Mg Alloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting
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National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University

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    摘要:

    针对选区激光熔化成形AlSi10Mg铝合金焊接过程中氢气孔敏感性高的问题,采用固溶脱氢与真空固溶脱氢的方法对比了脱氢处理对合金激光焊接接头孔隙缺陷的影响,分析了不同状态下激光焊焊缝气孔分布、组织演变及力学行为。结果表明,固溶处理能够有效减少选区激光熔化成形AlSi10Mg铝合金激光焊焊缝气孔率,且真空固溶处理效果最好,气孔率从沉积态激光焊接焊缝的2.64%降到真空固溶态焊缝的0.14%;通过对接头组织的演变与基板物相形态、成分的变化分析阐述了孔隙出现的原因,揭示了真空热处理是解决由于基板中预先存在的较高含量的氢导致焊缝氢气孔形成的有效方法。固溶后母材硬度明显下降,各试板焊缝的平均硬度为80HV,较为一致;固溶态试板焊接接头抗拉强度为143MPa,低于沉积态接头,但延伸率增加到了24%,表现为韧性断裂特征。

    Abstract:

    Given the high sensitivity of hydrogen porosity in the welding process of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy formed by selective laser melting, a study was conducted to compare the effect of dehydrogenation treatment on the pore defects of alloy laser welded joints using solid solution dehydrogenation and vacuum solid solution dehydrogenation methods, under different states. The study analyzed pore distribution, microstructure evolution, and mechanical behavior of laser welded seam. The findings reveal that the solution treatment can effectively reduce the porosity of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy laser welded seam formed by selective laser melting. Vacuum solution treatment has the best effect, reducing porosity from 2.64% of the deposited state laser welding seam to 0.14% of the vacuum solid solution state weld. The study explains the reasons for the appearance of pores, analyzes the evolution of the joint structure, and examines the change of the phase morphology and composition of the substrate. It is revealed that vacuum heat treatment is an effective method for pore formation, solving the problem of hydrogen gas in the weld due to the high content of hydrogen pre-existing in the substrate. After solid solution, the hardness of the base metal decreased significantly, and the average hardness of the welds of each test plate was 80HV, which was relatively consistent. The tensile strength of the welded joint of the solid solution test plate was 143MPa, which was lower than that of the deposited joint, but the elongation increased to 24%, characteristic of ductile fracture.

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陈威豪,刘奋成,牛鹏亮,尤启凡,刘丰刚,汪志太.固溶处理对选区激光熔化AlSi10Mg合金激光焊孔隙缺陷的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2024,53(4):1111~1119.[Chen Weihao, Liu Fencheng, Niu Pengliang, You Qifan, Liu Fenggang, Wang Zhitai. Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on Pore Defect of Laser Weld of AlSi10Mg Alloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2024,53(4):1111~1119.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20230070

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-12
  • 最后修改日期:2023-03-24
  • 录用日期:2023-03-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-04-26
  • 出版日期: 2024-04-23