海洋大气环境下镁合金腐蚀行为研究进展

Research Advances in Corrosion Behavior of Magnesium Alloy in Marine Atmospheric Environment

摘要:

本文综合研究了海洋大气环境下镁合金腐蚀行为的研究进展,比较分析了各种因素对腐蚀行为的影响,对当前研究进展进行总结并对未来研究方向进行展望。在海洋大气环境下,表面薄电解质溶液膜的包覆是镁合金发生电化学腐蚀的主要原因,且多发生局部腐蚀。相比于内陆大气环境,海洋大气中含有较多无机盐气溶胶颗粒,导致点蚀成为主要的局部腐蚀形式。相对湿度的升高会导致薄电解质膜厚度增加,进而加速整体腐蚀速率。随气温上升,镁合金的大气腐蚀速率线性增加,而空气中的CO₂可以抑制NaCl对镁合金的侵蚀。该领域未来需更多关注具体使役环境下合金的腐蚀机理,以及各种环境因素对腐蚀行为的协同作用机制,以指导海洋用镁合金材料的设计和制备。

Abstract:

The research progress of the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy in the marine atmospheric environment was reviewed and summarized in this present literature. The current research progress was concluded, and some perspectives on future research directions were given. In the marine atmospheric environment, the electrochemical reaction of magnesium alloy under the coating of thin electrolyte layer on the surface is prone to localized corrosion, and is also susceptible to the influence of environmental factors. Compared to the inland atmospheric environment, the marine atmosphere is rich in aerosol particles, which promote serious pitting corrosion of magnesium alloys. Higher relative humidity can increase the thickness of thin electrolyte layer, resulting in higher atmospheric corrosion rate of the alloy. Meanwhile, the atmospheric corrosion rate of magnesium alloy increases linearly with the increase of temperature. CO₂ in the air can inhibit the erosion of NaCl on magnesium alloys. Future research in this field may focus on the revelation of corrosion mechanism in specific environment and the synergistic effect of various environmental factors on corrosion behavior, so as to guide the design and preparation of marine magnesium alloy materials.