不锈钢纤维多孔材料及其复合结构的隔声性能

The Sound Insulation Properties of Stainless Steel Fiber Porous Materials and Complex Structure

摘要:

本文以8μm不锈钢纤维毛毡为原料，利用体积称重法和高温烧结工艺制备出具有不同孔隙率、平均孔径和厚度的不锈钢纤维多孔材料。通过结构优化设计了正梯度结构、反梯度结构和薄膜复合结构，对三种结构进行了隔声性能的测试，分别研究了三种结构的隔声特性。隔声结果表明，不锈钢纤维多孔材料具有一定的隔声性能，厚度为20mm，孔隙率为85%，在50~6400Hz频率范围内，不锈钢纤维多孔材料的平均隔声量为18.92 dB；其孔隙率越低，平均孔径越小，厚度越厚，材料的隔声性能越好；设计的正梯度和反梯度结构的隔声性能比单层不锈钢纤维多孔材料的隔声性能差；添加金属薄膜的不锈钢纤维多孔复合材料在中高频处的隔声性能有很大提高，厚度为20mm，平均隔声量达27.86dB，最高处提高16.96dB。

Abstract:

In this paper, 8μm stainless steel fiber felt was used as raw material, and the stainless steel fiber porous material were prepared by volume-weighing method and high temperature sintering with different porosity, average pore size and thickness. Positive gradient structure, inverse gradient structure and film composite structure were designed by structural optimization. The sound insulation performance of the three kinds of the structures was tested, and the sound insulation characteristics of the structures were studied respectively. The sound insulation results indicate that the stainless steel fiber porous material has a certain sound insulation performance. The thickness is 20 mm, the porosity is 85 %, and the average sound insulation of the stainless steel fiber porous material is 18.92 dB in the frequency range of 50 ~ 6400 Hz. The lower the porosity, the smaller average pore size, the thicker the thickness, the better the sound insulation performance of the material; The sound insulation performance of the designed positive gradient and the inverse gradient structures is worse than the single layer stainless steel fiber porous material. The sound insulation performance of the stainless steel fiber porous composite material with film material is greatly improved at medium and high frequencies. The thickness is 20 mm, the average sound insulation is 27.86 dB, and the highest is increased by 16.96 dB.