非晶合金涂层成分设计的探索路径

Exploration pathway of composition design of amorphous alloy coatings

摘要:

非晶合金因“长程无序、短程有序”的亚稳态结构特征，所以具有优异的机械性能、耐腐蚀性能以及突出的磁学性能与催化性能等功能特点。但对于玻璃形成能力较弱、难以形成大尺寸块体的非晶合金来说，其应用范围受限，故多以合金涂层的形式呈现。因为制备非晶合金粉末的周期长、成本高，在不考虑具体涂层制备工艺的前提下，非晶合金涂层成分的筛选与优化对涂层的性能显得尤为重要。本文主要介绍了非晶合金涂层的制备链条、不同形态非晶合金的相似性；同时以Al基非晶合金为例，综述了Al基非晶合金成分设计与优化过程的脉络，并对Al基非晶合金粉末的制备与热喷涂Al基非晶合金涂层的研究现状进行归纳总结，希望为新型非晶合金涂层成分设计与开发，提供新角度与新思路。

Abstract:

Due to the metastable structure characteristics of long-range disorder and short-range order, amorphous alloys have excellent mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance, outstanding magnetic and prominent catalytic properties. However, amorphous alloys often have poor glass-forming ability and are difficult to form large-size bulks, so their application range is limited and they are mostly presented in the form of amorphous alloy coatings. On account of the long period and high cost of preparing amorphous alloy powders, the selection and optimization of amorphous alloy coating composition are particularly important for the performance without considering the specific coating preparation process. Therefore, this paper mainly introduces the preparing chain of amorphous alloy coatings and the similarity of different forms of amorphous alloys. At the same time, taking Al-based amorphous alloys as an example, its composition design and optimization process are reviewed systematically. The research status and development of Al-based amorphous alloy powder preparation and Al-based amorphous alloy coatings by thermal spraying are summarized as well, so as to provide a new viewpoint and an enlightenment for the design and development of new-type amorphous alloy coating composition in the future.