铝锂合金熔炼及凝固成形技术研究进展

Research Progress of Al-Li Alloy Melting and Solidification Forming Technology

摘要:

铝锂合金作为一种新型航空航天材料,因其具有低密度、高比强度和比刚度等优势,从而具有广泛的应用前景。现有关铝锂合金的研究多集中于微合金化及热加工工艺(如热挤压、热处理等),但忽视了热加工步骤前的原始铝锂合金锭料质量也会对合金最终性能产生很大影响。然而,目前对于铝锂合金锭料的熔炼及凝固成形技术的研究尚且不多。因此,本文从高真空和非真空两种环境下对铝锂合金锭料的制备技术进行了综述和总结,其中包括喷射成形、粉末冶金、超声辅助挤压铸造成形工艺等。本文深入分析了这些技术的优缺点,并提出制备铝锂合金锭料的一些新思路或展望。

Abstract:

Aluminum-lithium alloys, as a new type of aerospace material, have a wide range of application prospects due to their advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness. Existing research on Al-Li alloys focuses on microalloying and hot processing (e.g., hot extrusion, heat treatment, etc.), but neglects the fact that the quality of the original Al-Li alloy ingot prior to the hot processing step also has a great impact on the final properties of the alloy. However, not much research has been done on the melting and solidification forming technologies for Al-Li alloy ingots. Therefore, this paper reviews and summarizes the preparation techniques of Al-Li alloy ingots from both high-vacuum and non-vacuum environments, including spray forming, powder metallurgy, and ultrasonic-assisted extrusion casting forming process. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies in depth, and puts forward some new ideas or prospects for the preparation of Al-Li alloy ingots.