弥散强化钼合金的研究进展

Research Progress in Dispersion Strengthened Molybdenum Alloys

摘要:

钼及其合金是一类具有高熔点、高强度、高硬度和高导热性等优异特性的难熔金属,广泛应用于航空航天、核能、电子和化工等领域。然而,钼及其合金也存在一些固有缺陷,如高温强度不足、室温延性低、再结晶温度低、抗辐照性能差等。为了提升钼及其合金的性能,研究人员采用了多种方法,其中弥散第二相颗粒是一种简单高效的强化手段。本文综述了已报道的不同金属碳化物和氧化物强化相对钼合金微观结构和力学性能影响的工作结果。分析了氧化物和碳化物的颗粒形貌、尺寸、分布、体积分数以及与钼基体的界面结构对钼合金力学性能的影响,讨论了不同掺杂技术获得高性能钼合金材料的特点,阐述了弥散强化钼合金在工业应用和生产等方面面临的挑战和机遇。本文力求为弥散强化钼合金的设计提供科学依据,扩展钼合金在各领域的广泛应用。

Abstract:

Due to excellent properties such as high melting point, high strength, high hardness and high thermal conductivity, the molybdenum (Mo) and its alloys are widely used in aerospace, nuclear energy, electronics and chemical engineering. However, the material also has some inherent defects, such as insufficient high-temperature strength, low room temperature ductility, low recrystallization temperature and poor radiation resistance, etc. Various methods were researched to improve the material performances, and dispersed second phase particles is a simple and efficiency one. This article reviews the researches on the effects of different metal carbides and oxide strengthening phases on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mo alloys. The influences of particle morphology, size distribution, volume fraction of oxides and carbides and interface structure with molybdenum matrix on the mechanical properties of molybdenum alloys were analyzed. The characteristics of different doping techniques to obtain high-performance molybdenum alloys were discussed, and the challenges and opportunities of dispersion strengthened molybdenum alloys in industrial applications and production were elaborated. This article aim to provide scientific basis for the design of dispersion strengthened molybdenum alloys, and expand the application of Mo alloys in various fields.