钨合金的强韧性研究进展

Research progress on strength and toughness of tungsten alloy

摘要:

钨及其合金具有高熔点、高密度和优异的抗等离子体溅射侵蚀能力等优点,尤其是在高温服役环境下,还具有优异的综合力学性能,是航空航天、武器装备、核工程等不可或缺的关键材料。但在极端高温服役环境下钨合金面临强化相尺度大、分布不均,导致钨合金高温强韧性不足的问题。为解决上述难题,国内外学者开展了钨合金的强韧性研究,通过调控材料成分与组织结构提高钨合金的力学性能。本文主要从形变强化、固溶强化和弥散强化三个方面阐述钨合金的组织调控与强韧化机制,并对钨合金的未来发展趋势与未解决的问题进行展望。

Abstract:

Tungsten and it’s alloys not only have the advantages of high melting point, high density and excellent resistance to plasma sputtering erosion, but also have excellent comprehensive mechanical properties in the high-temperature service environment, which is the indispensable key of material for aerospace, weapons and equipment, nuclear engineering and so on. However, tungsten alloy faces the problem of large scale and uneven distribution of strengthening phase in the extreme high temperature service environment that resulting in insufficient high temperature strength and toughness. In order to solve the above problems, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out research on the strength and toughness of tungsten alloy, and improved the mechanical properties of tungsten alloy by adjusting the material composition and microstructure. In this paper, the structure control and toughening mechanism of tungsten alloy are discussed from three aspects: deformation strengthening, solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening, and the future development trend and unsolved problems of tungsten alloy are prospected.