激光选区熔化-熔体浸渗制备层状多金属复合材料

Preparation of lamellar multi-metal composites by selective laser melting and melt infiltration

摘要:

多金属复合材料可集成单一组元的特性,获得传统材料难以实现的高强韧和多功能特性,具有广阔应用前景。在此,提出了激光选区熔化和真空熔体浸渗技术制备层状多金属复合材料的新思路。以铜/316L为模型材料,成功制备了拥有精细层状结构的复合材料,探究了构型变化对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料性能具有明显各向异性。随着316L层厚的增大,复合材料的抗压强度和弹性模量增大,导电性略有减小,分别可达纯铜的1.96、1.34和0.9倍。得益于结构优化(微米级层状)和组分选择(铜和不锈钢),复合材料同时拥有优异的强韧性和良好的导电性。此外,本文提供的方法新颖,普适性强,为设计和制备高性能多功能复合材料提供了新途径。

Abstract:

Multi-metal composites can integrate the properties of a single component to obtain the high perforcemance and multifunctions that are difficult to be achieved by the conventional methods, which have promising application prospects. Here, it was proposed a novel approach to prepare lamellar multi-metal composites by selective laser melting and vacuum melt infiltration technology. Using Cu/316L as a model material, successfully prepared composites with delicate lamellar structure, investigated the effect of configuration variations on the properties of the composites. The results show that the properties of the lamellar composites are significantly anisotropic. With the increase of the thickness of the 316L layer, the compressive strength and the elastic modulus of the composites increase, and the electrical conductivity slightly decreases, reaching 1.96, 1.34, and 0.9 times of that of pure copper, respectively. Owing to the structural optimization (micron-scale laminations) and component selection (copper and stainless steel), the composites possess both outstanding toughness and good electrical conductivity. Moreover, the methodology provided in this work is novel and universal, providing a new approach for the design and preparation of high-performance and multifunctional composites.