医用镁合金表面改性改善耐蚀性研究进展

Advances in Medical Magnesium Alloy Surface Modification for Corrosion Resistance Improvement

摘要:

镁及镁合金具有优异的生物安全性、独特的生物可降解性和良好的载荷传递性等优点，在医用植入领域应用前景广阔。良好的耐蚀性是镁及镁合金作为医用植入物重要的前提条件之一。然而，镁合金耐蚀性差，在生理环境中因过快腐蚀而迅速降解，导致其尚未完成服役就失去了固定支撑作用，严重限制了临床应用。对镁合金进行表面改性处理，改善其表面耐蚀性和生物相容性，已成为医用镁合金表面改性的研究热点。围绕改善医用镁合金表面耐蚀性研究进展，介绍了医用镁合金的发展历程及特点，并从微弧氧化和离子注入等表面改性技术的原理，以及表面改性后镁合金表面微观结构和性能等方面进行综述。讨论了多种涂层的形成机制并分析其结构和性能，阐述了涂层对镁合金降解速率的影响规律，旨在明确医用镁合金表面改性在实施和应用过程中存在的关键问题及可能的解决途径，并就医用镁合金表面改性的发展方向提出了建议。

Abstract:

Since the magnesium and magnesium alloys have good load transmission, exceptional biosafety, unique biodegradability, etc, they have significant application possibilities in the field of medical implantation. Furthermore, excellent corrosion resistance is one of the paramount prerequisites for magnesium and magnesium alloys as medical implants. However, magnesium alloys exhibit poor corrosion resistance, leading to rapid degradation in physiological environments due to high corrosion rates. This premature degradation, before completing their intended service life, compromises their structural integrity, severely limiting their clinical applications. Surface modification treatment of magnesium alloy to improve corrosion resistance has become a research hotspot of medical magnesium alloy. This study primarily focused on the research advancements in the corrosion resistance enhancement of medical magnesium alloys. The developmental trajectory and characteristics of medical magnesium alloys were outlined. Additionally, surface modification techniques such as micro-arc oxidation and ion implantation, as well as microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy surfaces after surface modification were reviewed. The formation mechanisms of various coatings were discussed, and their structures and properties were analyzed. The impact of coatings on the degradation rate of magnesium alloys was elucidated, aiming to identify key issues and potential solutions in the implementation and application of surface modification for medical magnesium alloys. Recommendations were also provided, presenting the research directions for surface modification of medical magnesium alloys.