镍基单晶高温合金疲劳行为研究进展

Review on Fatigue Behavior of Ni-based Single Crystal Superalloys

摘要:

镍基单晶高温合金在高温环境下具有优异的综合性能，被广泛应用于航空发动机和燃气轮机的叶片等热端部件。疲劳失效是叶片服役过程中的主要失效形式之一，本文基于单晶高温合金疲劳行为的研究现状，分析了镍基单晶高温合金的疲劳损伤机制，讨论了晶体取向、温度、加载方式对疲劳行为的影响，介绍了成分优化、热处理和表面处理等优化镍基单晶高温合金疲劳寿命的方法。最后提出了一些原位测试等先进测试技术在镍基单晶高温合金疲劳行为研究中的应用，并展望了镍基单晶高温合金疲劳行为研究的发展趋势。

Abstract:

Ni-based single crystal superalloys have excellent comprehensive properties at high temperature, and are widely used in hot-end components such as blades of aero-engines and gas turbines. Fatigue failure is one of the main failure modes of blades in service. Based on the research status of fatigue behavior of Ni-based single crystal superalloys, the fatigue damage mechanism of Ni-based single crystal superalloys was reviewed. The effects of crystal orientation, temperature and loading mode on fatigue behavior were discussed. The methods to optimize the fatigue life of Ni-based single crystal superalloys, such as composition optimization, heat treatment and surface treatment, were introduced. Finally, the application of some advanced testing techniques, such as in-situ testing, in the study of fatigue behavior of Ni-based single crystal superalloys was proposed, and the development trend of fatigue behavior research of Ni-based single crystal superalloys was prospected.