Fe3O4/SiO2光热超疏水涂层制备及防除冰性能研究

Preparation of Fe3O4/SiO2 Photothermal Superhydrophobic Coating and Its Anti-icing Performance

摘要:

固体表面积冰问题对工业领域和人类生活造成了重大影响，因此研究新型防除冰材料具有重要意义。本研究在铝板表面采用低表面能的聚二甲基硅氧烷作为粘合剂，分别喷涂Fe₃O₄和Fe₃O₄/SiO₂分散液，形成具有光热效应的疏水涂层。Fe₃O₄提供光热效应并在涂层表面形成一定的微纳米粗糙结构，同时加入SiO₂修饰后，疏水性进一步增强，接触角可达到155°，可以极大程度地延缓结冰时间并加速冰霜融化。在一个太阳光照度下，温升达到71.8 ℃。此外，该涂层具有自清洁能力，能够有效避免严重污染，并展现出了一定的抗沙土冲击能力以及良好的机械稳定性，为防冰材料的发展提供了新的方向。

Abstract:

The problem of ice accumulation on solid surface has a significant impact on both industrial sectors and human life, so exploring novel anti-icing materials is of great importance. In this study, polydimethylsiloxane with low surface energy was employed onto aluminum plates as a binder. Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄/SiO₂ dispersion liquids were separately sprayed to form hydrophobic coatings with photothermal effect. Fe₃O₄ provides photothermal effect and forms a certain micro-nano rough structure on the coating surface. When SiO₂ is added, the hydrophobicity is further enhanced, with a water contact angle reaching 155°. This coating greatly delays the icing time and accelerates frost melting. Under one-sun illumination, the temperature rise can reach 71.8 ℃. The coating exhibits self-cleaning capability, effectively preventing severe contamination. It also demonstrates certain resistance to windblown sand impact and excellent mechanical stability, thereby providing a new direction for the development of anti-icing materials.