爆炸焊接镍/钢复合板界面的微观组织和力学性能

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Explosively Welded Nickel/Steel Composite Plate Interface

摘要:

通过爆炸焊接技术制备了高性能的镍N6/45#钢复合板（N6/45#），通过金相显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）以及力学性能测试，对界面及附近区域的微观组织进行了表征和分析，探讨了爆炸焊界面微观组织特征和力学性能特点。结果表明，沿着爆炸焊方向，N6/45#界面由平直结合逐渐演变为典型的波浪形结合，波峰和波谷处的晶粒具有高度的不均匀性，越靠近界面晶粒尺寸越小，在结合界面处发生了再结晶现象，形成了低应力变形带。纳米压痕试验发现界面结合区发生了塑形变形，波峰区域的纳米硬度值高于波谷区域。N6/45#界面抗拉伸强度为599.8 MPa，平均剪切强度达到了326.3 MPa，弯曲试验后N6/45#之间未发生分离现象。

Abstract:

High-performance pure nickel N6/steel 45# composite plate (N6/45#) was prepared using explosive welding technique. The microstructure of the interface and nearby regions was characterized and analyzed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, electron backscatter diffraction, and mechanical property testing, and the microstructural features and mechanical properties of the explosive welding interface were explored. The results show that along the direction of explosive welding, the pure nickel N6/steel 45# composite plate interface gradually evolves from a flat bond to a typical wavy bond. The grains at the crests and troughs exhibit high heterogeneity, and the closer to the interface, the finer the grains. Recrystallization and low-stress deformation bands are formed at the bonding interface. Nanoindentation tests reveal that plastic deformation occurs in the interfacial bonding zone, and the nanohardness values in the crest regions are higher than that in the trough regions. The tensile strength of the N6/45# interface is 599.8 MPa, with an average shear strength of 326.3 MPa. No separation phenomenon is observed between N6 and 45# after the bending test.