静电纺丝法制备碳纳米纤维及其吸附性能研究

Preparation of Carbon Nanofibers via Electrospinning and its Adsorption Properties

摘要:

以石墨烯、石墨粉、碳纳米管等材料为碳源，采用静电纺丝技术，随后经稳定和碳化过程，制备得到碳纳米纤维。所制备的碳纳米纤维用于对重金属铬离子的吸附，研究了碳纳米纤维在不同吸附条件下对铬离子吸附性能的影响。结果表明，碳纳米管纳米纤维表面粗糙度大且其石墨化程度最好，晶体结构更有序，比表面积也最高，这一特点有利于增大吸附材料对铬离子的吸附性能；在pH=3，25 ℃时，碳纳米管纳米纤维对Cr(VI)的吸附量能达到52.8 mg/g。且循环使用五次后，其吸附率能达到初次吸附的60%，碳纳米管纳米纤维表现出最好的吸附性能。鉴于碳纳米管纳米纤维具有高比表面积、高孔隙度、优异的表面化学性质以及良好的吸附性能等优点，因此在重金属离子吸附领域具有较大的应用潜力。

Abstract:

Carbon nanofibers can be produced from graphene, graphite powder and carbon nanotubes by nozzle-less electrospinning and following stabilization and carbonization process. The prepared carbon nanofibers were used for the adsorption of Cr(VI) ions, and the adsorption performance of Cr(VI) ions under different test conditions were studied. It was found that carbon nanotubes-based nanofibers exhibit a large surface roughness, the best degree of graphitization, more ordered crystal structure, and the largest specific surface areas. This features contribute to increasing the adsorption performance of adsorbent materials on Cr(VI) ions. Their adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) ions can reach 52.8 mg/g at pH=3, 25℃. Moreover, the adsorption capacity can remain about 60% of the initial adsorption capacity after five cycles. Therefore, the carbon nanotubes-based nanofibers exhibit the best adsorption performance. Hence, carbon nanotubes-based nanofibers have a promising in practice for applications in heavy metal ions adsorption due to their high specific surface area, high porosity, excellent surface chemistry and good adsorption performance.