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Volume 37,Issue 1,2008 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Effects of Yttrium and Neodymium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ81 Magnesium Alloy
    Wang Xiaoqiang Li Quanan Zhang Xingyuan
    2008, 37(1).
    [Abstract](4172) [HTML](142) [PDF 0.00 Byte](685)
    Abstract:
    研究了复合添加稀土(Y,Nd)含量(1%~4%)对AZ81镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,适量稀土元素的加入使AZ81镁合金的组织明显细化,β(Mg17Al12)相减少,同时析出了粒状的化合物Al2Y,Al2Nd.经固溶时效处理后,随着复合稀土含量的增加,在室温、150 ℃和250 ℃ 3个温度下,合金的强度和延伸率基本上呈先升后降的趋势.当稀土含量为2%时,合金的室温强度和150 ℃高温强度同时达到最大值,分别为282 MPa和212 MPa;在各温度下稀土含量为2%时延伸率最好.
    2  Shape Memory Effect and Superelastic Property of a Novel Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-15Nb Alloy
    Yu Zhentao Zheng Yufeng Zhou Lian Wang Benli Niu Jinlong Huangfu Qiang Zhang Yafeng
    2008, 37(1):1-5.
    [Abstract](3615) [HTML](148) [PDF 0.00 Byte](484)
    Abstract:
    采用弯曲和循环拉伸实验研究了新型Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-15Nb(TLM)钛合金的形状记忆和超弹性性能.探讨了变形温度、总应变和热处理等对TLM钛合金形状记忆和超弹性的影响规律.结果表明:新合金在热轧态和在α β两相区固溶处理后空冷比从β相区固溶处理后空冷条件下具有较高的形变恢复率,最大恢复应变可达1.8%.随着总变形应变增加,形变恢复率降低.从β相区固溶处理后空冷后TLM合金具有较好的超弹性,优于热轧态或时效处理后TLM合金的超弹性能.
    3  Studies on Adhering of Candida Albicans and Cytotoxicity of Diamond Like Carbon Coating on Pure Titanium
    Yin Lu Guo Tianwen Wang Hui Zhao Wen Mi Qian Hui Yingxue
    2008, 37(1):6-9.
    [Abstract](1659) [HTML](148) [PDF 0.00 Byte](109)
    Abstract:
    Diamond-like carbon coatings were deposited onto pure titanium by Multi-arc pulse ion plating technique and used in vivo. Adhering of candida albicans of DLC, TiN, Anodizing and uncoated pure titanium was compared and the cytotoxicity of DLC was evaluated using scanning electron microscope, spectrophotometer, roughness apparatus and cell microscope. Experimental results indicate that the amount of candida albicans, change of roughness and reflectivity on DLC are least among the four groups of the samples. Surface morphology has little change. Cytotoxicity test shows DLC coatings are safe to L-929 cells. DLC coatings can endure daily brushing wear, are also safe to human, showing potential value in dental repair.
    4  Map of Hot Plastic Deformation for Ti53311S Alloy
    Wang Ruining Xi Zhengping Zhao Yongqing Qi Yunlian Du Yu
    2008, 37(1):10-13.
    [Abstract](2567) [HTML](141) [PDF 0.00 Byte](183)
    Abstract:
    在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上进行热压缩试验,研究了变形温度为880~1080 ℃,应变速率为0.001~10 s-1的Ti53311S钛合金的热变形行为.根据应力应变曲线分析了该合金的热变形行为,计算分析了加工图,并观察了变形后的显微组织.利用加工图结合显微组织确定了热变形的流变失稳区和实验范围内的最佳变形参数.结果表明:Ti53311S钛合金加工过程中温度应控制在相变点以下,应变速率应控制在0.01 s-1以上和10 s-1以下为宜.
    5  Superplastic Properties and Microstructural Evolution during Superplastic Tension of Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo Alloy
    Liu Yingying Yao Zekun Luo Xi Cao Likun
    2008, 37(1):14-18.
    [Abstract](1690) [HTML](148) [PDF 0.00 Byte](111)
    Abstract:
    研究了Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo合金在900~1020 ℃,3.3×10-4~3.3×10-2 s-1条件下进行的超塑性拉伸性能结果表明:除温度900 ℃,应变速率3.3×10-2 s-1外,合金都显示出超塑性,延伸率范围为105%~1570%,最佳变形温度为980 ℃,最佳应变速率为3.3×10-4 s-1,在此条件下拉伸时,延伸率达到最大值1570%.应变速率对Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo合金的组织演化有显著影响.在较高应变速率下变形,α2相尺寸先随温度升高至940 ℃有所减小,之后则随温度的升高有所粗化;而在较低的应变速率下变形,α2相呈粗化且不均匀的趋势,高的延伸率与大晶粒周围镶嵌许多小颗粒能有效协调变形.
    6  A Constitutive Model of High Temperature Deformation of NiTi Alloy Based on Neural Network
    He Yong Zhang Honggang Liu Xuefeng Xie Jianxin
    2008, 37(1):19-23.
    [Abstract](1822) [HTML](124) [PDF 0.00 Byte](104)
    Abstract:
    以压缩试验所得数据为基础,根据BP人工神经网络算法原理,建立了Ti-50.5Ni合金高温压缩变形真应力与真应变、应变速率和变形温度关系的预测模型.结果表明,BP神经网络用于Ti-50.5Ni合金高温压缩变形本构关系建模是可行的,拟合度可达到1.3%,较好地反映了实际变形过程的特征,可弥补传统回归模型不能反应变形全过程的局限性,并消除实验过程中实际温度偏离设定温度所带来的样本误差及其对模型准确度的影响.
    7  TEM Investigation of the Microstructure and the Phases of Ti-700 Alloy
    Fei Yuhuan Zhang Tingjie Zhao Yongqing Zhou Lian
    2008, 37(1):24-28.
    [Abstract](2548) [HTML](142) [PDF 0.00 Byte](334)
    Abstract:
    采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了两相钛合金Ti-700在不同热处理制度下的显微组织和相结构.探讨了固溶温度,冷却方式以及时效处理对显微结构的影响.结果表明,在所选择的热处理制度下,合金为双态组织,除了基体(α β)外,还发现了α2相以及调质结构.这些析出物对Ti-700钛合金的性能有一定影响.
    8  Study on the Rapid Solidification and Refining Mechanism of Al-Ti-B Refiner
    Dong Tianshun Cui Chunxiang Liu Shuangjin Liu Fucai
    2008, 37(1):29-32.
    [Abstract](1609) [HTML](134) [PDF 0.00 Byte](93)
    Abstract:
    为了研究快速凝固对Al-Ti-B中间合金细化效果的影响,对其进行了熔体快淬处理,在冷却速度为105~106 ℃/s时,得到了薄丝带状细化剂.通过SEM和TEM分析可知,快速凝固后细化剂中的TiAl3由纳米晶和少量非晶态合金组成,尺寸由30~35 μm下降为50~100 nm.分别用薄丝带状和杆状Al-Ti-B中间合金对ZL109进行细化处理时发现:薄丝带状细化剂比杆状细化剂的细化效果好,使ZL109的力学性能有了进一步的提高,抗拉强度提高32.9%,断后伸长率提高15.6%,硬度提高5.69%.因此,快速凝固是提高Al-Ti-B中间合金细化效果的有效途径.
    9  Determination of the Isothermal Section of Fe-Ni-Nb Ternary System at 1198 K
    Zhou Guojun Huang Xianming Liu Huashan Liu Libin Jin Zhanpeng
    2008, 37(1):33-35.
    [Abstract](1496) [HTML](142) [PDF 0.00 Byte](84)
    Abstract:
    采用扩散偶技术测定了Fe-Ni-Nb三元系1198 K的等温截面,借助电子探针微区成分分析方法对Fe-Ni-Nb三元扩散偶的相区成分,及相关系进行研究.结果表明:Fe-Ni-Nb三元扩散偶在1198 K时生成μ,Fe2Nb,Ni6Nb7和Ni3Nb 4个中间化合物.μ相与Ni6Nb7形成连续固溶体,表示为(Fe,Ni)6Nb7.该等温截面形成γ(Fe,Ni) Fe2Nb Ni3Nb,Fe2Nb Ni3Nb (Fe,Ni)6Nb72个三相区,没有发现三元化合物.
    10  Transport Properties in La0.67Sr0.33Co1-xFexO3 System
    Liu Ning Yan Guoqing Sun Yang
    2008, 37(1):36-39.
    [Abstract](2104) [HTML](159) [PDF 0.00 Byte](506)
    Abstract:
    研究了Co位Fe掺杂对La0.67Sr0.33Co1-xFexO3体系的电输运性质和巨磁效应的影响.结果表明:电阻率在低掺杂(x≤0.1)时显示金属性输运行为,而在高掺杂(x=0.2,0.3)时则显示半导体行为.而且,Fe掺杂削弱了Tc处的MR峰值,但增加了低温下T≤Tc的MR值.La0.67Sr0.33Co1-xFexO3体系的磁电阻的起源可由外加磁场导致的自旋态转变来解释.
    11  Influence of Substitution of Al for Mg on the Electrochemical Cyclic Stability of La2MgNi7.5Co1.5 Hydrogen Storage Alloy
    Wang Dahui Wu Yanjun Yan Ruxu Luo Yongchun Kang Long
    2008, 37(1):40-44.
    [Abstract](1875) [HTML](145) [PDF 0.00 Byte](104)
    Abstract:
    研究了少量Al替代Mg(x=0.1)对La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5贮氢合金电化学循环稳定性的影响.经过充放电循环后,La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5(x=0.0,0.1)合金中的LaNi3相和αLa2Ni7相仍然保持PuNi3型结构和Ce2Ni7型结构,没有发生变化,此外,在这2种合金中出现少量新的物相La(OH)3,Mg(OH)2和Ni.LaNi3相和αLa2Ni7相吸氢形成氢化物后也保持PuNi3型结构和Ce2Ni7型结构.La2MgNi7.5Co1.5吸氢后,LaNi3相和αLa2Ni7相晶胞均呈各向异性膨胀,但LaNi3相的各向异性膨胀程度及晶胞体积膨胀率明显大于αLa2Ni7相.相比La2MgNi7.5Co1.5氢化物,Al替代Mg对La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5氢化物中的αLa2Ni7相吸氢体积膨胀的抑制作用很小,但Al替代Mg使该氢化物中LaNi3相的c轴膨胀率和晶胞体积v的膨胀率均明显降低.电化学吸放氢循环后合金的粒径变化及形貌观察表明,La2Mg0.9A10.1Ni7.5Co1.5合金的抗粉化能力优于La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金,这是Al替代Mg改善La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金电极电化学循环稳定性的重要原因.
    12  Influence of Al Substitution for Mg on Phase Structure and Electrochemical Properties of La2MgNi7.5Co1.5 Hydrogen Storage Alloys
    Wang Dahui Wu Yanjun Yan Ruxu Luo Yongchun Kang Long
    2008, 37(1):45-49.
    [Abstract](1500) [HTML](149) [PDF 0.00 Byte](91)
    Abstract:
    采用X射线衍射、电子探针和电化学测试研究了La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5(x=0.0,0.1,0.3,0.5)合金的相结构和电化学性能.XRD结果和EPMA观察表明,少量的Al替代Mg(x=0.1)不改变La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的相组成,合金仍然由LaNi3相和αLa2Ni7相组成,然而La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5合金中LaNi3相的丰度明显下降,αLa2Ni7相的丰度则增加,较多的Al替代Mg改变了La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的相组成并导致合金中LaNi3相消失,La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5合金中Al含量的变化对合金中不同相晶胞参数的影响不相同.此外,少量的Al替代Mg(x=0.1)几乎不降低La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的贮氢容量和最大电化学放电容量,但随La2Mg1-xAlxNi7.5Co1.5合金中Al含量的增加,合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能不断下降,Al替代Mg能明显提高La2MgNi7.5Co1.5合金的电化学循环稳定性,对提高该合金电极的高倍率放电性能也是有利的.
    13  Thermal Fatigue Property of DZ951 Alloy
    Xia Pengcheng Yu Jinjiang Sun Xiaofeng Guan Hengrong Hu Zhuangqi
    2008, 37(1):50-53.
    [Abstract](1562) [HTML](134) [PDF 0.00 Byte](78)
    Abstract:
    研究了不同上限温度对DZ951合金热疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:随着上限温度的升高,热疲劳裂纹扩展速率增加,合金的热疲劳抗力降低.DZ951合金经热处理后,热疲劳性能提高.合金主要通过氧化产生孔洞,孔洞相互连接使热疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展.合金热疲劳裂纹扩展具有一定的晶体学取向,沿{111}面〈110〉方向即与枝晶生长方向呈45°角扩展.
    14  Flow Stress and Constitutive Model of AZ70 Mg-Alloy at Elevated Temperatures
    Wu Lihong Ma Quancang Zhang Chunxiang Guan Shaokang Liu Xudong
    2008, 37(1):54-57.
    [Abstract](1786) [HTML](139) [PDF 0.00 Byte](129)
    Abstract:
    在温度300~420 ℃及应变速率0.001~1 s-1的条件下,采用Gleeble1500D热模拟试验机对AZ70镁合金进行单向压缩试验.结果表明:流动应力随着温度的升高及应变速率的降低而降低,随应变的增加,应力很快达到峰值,然后逐渐降低并趋于稳定.为评价及预测AZ70镁合金在热锻成形及数值模拟中的流动应力,结合Arrhenius方程并引入Zener-Hollomon参数建立了流动应力模型.同时考虑应变的影响,进一步对该模型进行完善.结果表明,该模型的应力预测值与试验值偏差较小,计算精度高.
    15  Magnesium Vapor Diffusion Behavior over Al Molten Surface in Directed Metal Nitridation Process
    Jin Shengli Li Yawei Liu Guotao Li Yuanbing Zhao Lei Li Zeya
    2008, 37(1):58-61.
    [Abstract](1677) [HTML](138) [PDF 0.00 Byte](81)
    Abstract:
    Phase transformation of Mg vapor was simulated according to thermal dynamics during the fabrication of AlN composite in directed metal nitridation process, which further proves the presence of Mg vapor layer over the melt. Therefore, the thickness of Mg vapor layer was investigated using the principle of gas flow diffusion dynamics. The result shows that the thickness of Mg vapor layer is related to the distance from molten surface to upper fringe of crucible, oxygen partial pressure and original Mg concentration. With the decrease of oxygen partial pressure or increase of original Mg concentration, the thickness of Mg vapor layer increases, which benefits the penetration and nitridation of Al melt.
    16  Effects of Yttrium and Neodymium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ81 Magnesium Alloy
    Wang Xiaoqiang Li Quanan Zhang Xingyuan
    2008, 37(1):62-65.
    [Abstract](1940) [HTML](143) [PDF 0.00 Byte](85)
    Abstract:
    研究了复合添加稀土(Y,Nd)含量(1%-4%)对AZ81镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,适量稀土元素的加入使AZ81镁合金的组织明显细化,β(Mg17Al12)相减少,同时析出了粒状的化合物Al2Y,Al2Nd。经固溶时效处理后,随着复合稀土含量的增加,在室温、150℃和250℃3个温度下,合金的强度和延伸率基本上呈先升后降的趋势。当稀土含量为2%时,合金的室温强度和150℃高温强度同时达到最大值,分别为282MPa和212MPa;在各温度下稀土含量为2%时延伸率最好。
    17  Effects of Strain Rate on Tensile Deformation Behavior of GH4199 Superalloy after Electric Field Treatment
    Liu Yang Wang Lei Qiao Xueying Wang Yanqing
    2008, 37(1):66-71.
    [Abstract](1677) [HTML](132) [PDF 0.00 Byte](70)
    Abstract:
    研究了电场处理后的长期时效GH4199合金在不同应变速率下的拉伸变形行为.结果表明,随应变速率增加合金屈服强度升高,应变速率低于3.3×100 s-1时,应变速率敏感指数m值较低且随应变速率的增加无明显变化;当应变速率超过3.3×100 s-1时,m显著升高,当应变速率为3.3×101 s-1时,m达到0.16;随应变速率增加合金拉伸塑性呈下降趋势;在较低应变速率范围内变形时,电场处理后产生的退火孪晶是改善合金塑性的主要因素,随着应变速率的提高,晶内开动的滑移系数量增加,塑性变形能力随之提高,但存在于合金晶界处的连续分布的碳化物对晶界的弱化作用逐渐显露,晶界与晶内塑性变形能力差异增大,晶界成为断裂的主要途径,导致合金塑性降低.
    18  Microscopic Phase Field Simulation of The Retrogression-Reaging (Rra) Treatment on Al-Li Alloys
    Xu Guodong Wang Yongxin Chen Zheng Lai Qingbo
    2008, 37(1):72-75.
    [Abstract](1676) [HTML](136) [PDF 0.00 Byte](88)
    Abstract:
    基于离散格点形式的微观相场动力学扩散方程,以Al-11.7Li(原子分数,%)合金为对象,模拟了Al-Li合金时效,经历了3种不同程度的回归再时效过程.这3种回归为:完全回归(δ'相全部溶解)、不完全回归(δ'相未全部溶解,少量存在)以及部分回归(δ'相部分溶解).结果表明:对于该浓度合金,完全回归再时效获得的组织形貌与直接时效的相当;而不完全回归再时效得到的颗粒密度大于前两者,颗粒尺寸更加细化,分布更均匀,弥散度也高,不完全回归再时效能够有效地改善Al-Li合金的微观组织;部分回归再时效获得的δ'相粗大且数量少.
    19  Upconversion Luminescence of Er3 -Doped Oxyfluoride Tellurite Glass
    Sun Jian Liu Yuehui Yang Zhongmin Chen Dongdan
    2008, 37(1):76-79.
    [Abstract](1697) [HTML](132) [PDF 0.00 Byte](82)
    Abstract:
    制备了一种新型的单掺铒氧氟碲酸盐玻璃.研究了该玻璃系统的光谱特性,分析了Er3 离子在玻璃中的上转换机理.在室温下,通过980 nmLD激发,可观察到明亮的绿色上转换荧光.光谱测试结果表明:在近紫外和蓝光波段,存在中心波长为410,452,490 nm的发射峰,分别对应于2H9/2→4I15/2,4F5/2,3/2→4I15/2和4F7/2→4I15/2的跃迁.通过比较980 nm可调谐激光器间接激发和488 nm氙灯直接激发获得各发光能级的荧光寿命,Er3 离子在氧氟碲酸盐玻璃中的红、绿光上转换发光过程主要源于能量转移过程.
    20  Upconversion Fluorescence Quenching in Er3 -Doped Barium Gallogermanate Glasses
    Xiao Kai Yang Zhongmin
    2008, 37(1):80-84.
    [Abstract](1850) [HTML](151) [PDF 0.00 Byte](104)
    Abstract:
    制备了30BaO-30Ga2O3-40GeO2-xEr2O3系统玻璃,测量了Er3 在钡镓锗玻璃中的吸收光谱.分别采用488 nm,800 nm和980 nm激发不同浓度Er3 掺杂的玻璃样品,测量了Er3 的4S3/2→4I15/2荧光光谱;并利用488 nm脉冲氙灯激发,测量了Er3 的4S3/2→4I15/2荧光衰减,讨论了Er3 掺杂浓度对4S3/2能级发光强度和荧光寿命的影响.结果表明:随着Er3 浓度的增加,4S3/2→4I15/2荧光强度先增大后减小,在Er3 浓度为1%时出现峰值;而4S3/2能级的荧光寿命呈递减趋势,荧光衰减曲线的非指数成分增加.能量分析表明:Er3 的4S3/2能级和4I15/2能级之间交叉驰豫过程是上转换荧光淬灭的主要通道,而交叉驰豫过程主要源于Er3 电偶极-电偶极间的相互作用.
    21  The Influence of Cross-Relaxation to the 1.8 μm Emission of Tm3 in Tellurite Glass
    Yin Bing Yang Zhongmin Yang Gangfeng Zhang Qinyuan Jiang Zhonghong
    2008, 37(1):85-88.
    [Abstract](1816) [HTML](152) [PDF 0.00 Byte](75)
    Abstract:
    研究了碲酸盐玻璃中不同浓度Tm3 离子掺杂的发光特性,探讨了不同Tm3 离子浓度对发光强度的影响以及交叉弛豫的机理.通过测量不同浓度Tm2O3的3H4能级寿命,计算了Tm3 离子的交叉弛豫速率.结果表明,交叉弛豫速率随着Tm3 离子浓度的增加而迅速增大.Tm3 离子之间的交叉弛豫过程能有效地提高1.8 μm发光强度.
    22  Investigation on Electrochemical Properties of Silver-Coated Nickel Foam in Silver-Zinc Storage Batteries
    Zhang Hui Zhu Liqun Xiang Min
    2008, 37(1):89-93.
    [Abstract](1997) [HTML](153) [PDF 0.00 Byte](95)
    Abstract:
    采用电沉积法制备镀银泡沫镍集流体以替代银网,通过SEM,XRD及电化学测试等手段对其进行表征及性能分析.结果表明,银颗粒以块状结晶在泡沫镍上,镀层改善了以泡沫镍为集流体的电化学行为.尤其是沉积电流密度为3 mA·cm-2时,镀层致密均匀,且镀银层在保证锌电极反应活性的同时,提高了锌电极的耐蚀性,以此制成模拟锌银电池,其高电流密度的放电电压平稳,具有良好的电性能.
    23  Effect of Vacuum Heat Treatment on oxidation of Uranium Surfaces
    Zhou Ping Wang Xiaolin Yang Jiangrong Fu Xiaoguo Luo Lizhu
    2008, 37(1):94-97.
    [Abstract](1953) [HTML](151) [PDF 0.00 Byte](106)
    Abstract:
    采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了表面氧化物的铀金属在低真空条件下加热后表面形成的银白色氧化膜的化学组成.结果表明,氧化膜的组成由表及里依次为:UO2 x,UO2和碳氧化铀UCxO1-x,其中立方密排结构的碳氧化铀相的存在是延缓铀在大气中腐蚀的关键因素.
    24  Study on Inclusions in U-Nb Alloy
    Jiang Chunli Yang Jianxiong Xiao Hong Lu Lei
    2008, 37(1):98-100.
    [Abstract](1728) [HTML](148) [PDF 0.00 Byte](84)
    Abstract:
    采用金相法研究了U-Nb合金中夹杂物的形状,大小和分布,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和俄歇电子能谱仪(AES)分析了U-Nb合金中夹杂物的化学成分.结果表明:U-Nb合金中夹杂物类型主要为铌、点状的UO2、极少量U的碳化物;绝大多数铌中含有Ta和C.
    25  Effect of Titanium on the Microstructure of Hypereutectic High-Chromium Cast Iron
    Zhi Xiaohui Han Yanjun Peng Jiyun Xing Jiandong Gao Yimin
    2008, 37(1):101-104.
    [Abstract](1626) [HTML](128) [PDF 0.00 Byte](69)
    Abstract:
    研究了不同的含Ti量对4C-20Cr(质量分数,%)过共晶高铬铸铁显微组织的影响.结果表明,随着含Ti量的增加,初生碳化物和总的碳化物(初生碳化物和共晶碳化物)均逐渐细化;TiC的体积分数也随含Ti量的增加而增加,但TiC出现长大和团聚现象.Ti细化过共晶高铬铸铁的机理为:弥散分布的TiC可能作为初生碳化物的异质形核质点;TiC颗粒阻碍初生碳化物的长大;生成TiC的反应消耗一部分C而降低过共晶高铬铸铁的过共晶程度.
    26  Microstructure Evolution of NbTiTa Composite after Extrusions
    Ma Quan Chen Zili Liu Xianghong Zhou Lian Wu Xiaozu Lu Yafeng
    2008, 37(1):105-107.
    [Abstract](1717) [HTML](129) [PDF 0.00 Byte](90)
    Abstract:
    Using sheets of Nb, Ti and Ta as starting material, NbTiTa superconducting filaments were prepared by extrusion and drawing. The microstructure evolution of the composite after extrusions and the diffusion among Nb, Ti and Ta in the composite were studied. It is found that a large number of crystal defects and the temperature increment appeared, which is caused by the large plastic deformation during hot extrusions, as a result, the Nb, Ti, and Ta sheets diffused each other heavily. The non-superconducting Ti-rich area and superconducting Nb-rich area and Ta-rich area formed during extrusions. The volume percentage of Ti-rich area exceeded 30%, and the transects of Ti-rich area, Nb-rich area, and Ta-rich area all evolved into ribbon-like shape in extrusions and drawing.
    27  Design and Research on Properties of New Type Metastable β-Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications Based on the d-Electron Alloy Design Method
    Zhao Lichen Cui Chunxiang Liu Shuangjin Zhang Zhe
    2008, 37(1):108-111.
    [Abstract](1759) [HTML](128) [PDF 0.00 Byte](74)
    Abstract:
    依据d电子合金设计方法,采用无细胞毒性的合金元素Nb和Zr,从理论上设计了一种具有较低弹性模量的生物医用新型亚稳β钛合金Ti-35Nb-10Zr,并研究了该合金铸锭的基本力学性能.结果表明:该合金的弹性模量值低于传统的用于体内植入的Ti-6Al-4V合金,有望成为一种比较有前途的新型体内植入材料.
    28  Characteristic of ZrO2 Grain Growth during Oxidation in Nanocrystalline Zr-4
    Zhang Xiyan Li Cong Qiu Shaoyu Shi Minghua Zhang Pengcheng Wei Yiming
    2008, 37(1):112-114.
    [Abstract](1794) [HTML](136) [PDF 0.00 Byte](92)
    Abstract:
    In this paper the characteristic of ZrO2 grain growth during the oxidation in nanocrystalline Zr-4 under 673 K/10.3 MPa conditions was studied. The results show that the grain size and grain growth rate of ZrO2 which formed on the nanostructure basis were smaller than that of ZrO2 formed on the coarse grain basis. So the nanocrystalline treatment leads to fine grain of ZrO2 and has influence on the oxidation dynamics of zircaloy-4
    29  Microstructure and Room-Temperature Wear-Resistance of Cr3C2/Ni3Al Composites
    Li Shangping Luo Heli Cao Xu Gu Guorong Zhang Xie Feng Di
    2008, 37(1):115-118.
    [Abstract](1732) [HTML](160) [PDF 0.00 Byte](85)
    Abstract:
    Ni-A1l-Cr3C2 welding wire was produced by metal - powder - core technique. When the welding wires were welded on the surface of carbon steel, carbide particles reinforced Ni3Al base composite was formed due to the physical heat of arc and Ni-Al exothermic reaction. Ni reacted with Al to form Ni3Al and Cr3C2 was dissolved during welding. Most of [Cr] and [C] reacted to form small-dispersed Cr3C2 phase except that a few dissolved into Ni3Al matrix, which strengthened the matrix significantly. The room-temperature abrasive wear and fretting wear tests showed that the wear-resistance of Cr3C2/Ni3Al composite is about two times higher than Stellitel2 alloy that is the typical conventional high-temperature wear-resistant materials. The good wear resistance of Cr3C2/Ni3Al composite coating can be attributed to large volume fraction of carbides, high hardness, and good phases interface bond.
    30  Effect of MA and Soft Second Phase on Microstructures and Properties of Cr/Cr2Nb Composite Materials
    Xiao Xuan Lu Shiqiang Ma Yanqing Hu Ping Huang Minggang Nie Xiaowu
    2008, 37(1):119-124.
    [Abstract](1981) [HTML](123) [PDF 0.00 Byte](79)
    Abstract:
    采用机械合金化(MA) 热压工艺来制备以Cr固溶体为软第二相的Cr/Cr2Nb复合材料.研究了不同配比成分的Cr,Nb元素粉经20 h球磨后,在1250 ℃,0.5 h热压工艺下所获得的Cr/Cr2Nb复合材料的组织和性能.结果表明,随着偏离Laves相化学配比的Nb含量减小,合金的致密度、强度、塑性应变均增加,而维氏硬度减小,不同配比成分的合金均具有良好的室温断裂韧性.Laves相Cr2Nb含量高达78%的Cr-25Nb合金的组织均匀,Cr固溶体与Laves相间隔分布,晶粒尺寸达到微/纳米级,屈服强度和抗压强度分别高达1949 MPa和2044 MPa,塑性应变达到了7.26%.与熔铸工艺制备的Cr/Cr2Nb复合材料相比,合金的强度及塑性都有明显提高,充分实现了细晶和软第二相综合增韧的效果.
    31  Microwave Sintering on W-Ni-Fe Heavy-Density Alloy and Its Analysis on Mechanism
    Peng Yuandong Yi Jianhong Wu Bin Ye Tuming Li Liya Luo Shudong
    2008, 37(1):125-129.
    [Abstract](2299) [HTML](147) [PDF 0.00 Byte](273)
    Abstract:
    对90W-7Ni-3Fe高比重合金微波烧结工艺进行了系统的研究,比较了合金在2种温度下的微波烧结与常规氢气烧结工艺的性能.结果表明:微波液相烧结比固相烧结效果好,但微波烧结试样的各项性能均低于常规烧结.微波液相烧结相对密度97.5%要比常规烧结相对密度99.2%低;前者的布氏硬度2500 MPa低于后者的2600 MPa;前者的抗拉强度694.21 MPa低于后者的776.97 MPa.1460 ℃微波固相烧结的性能明显偏低,其内部组织疏松且有大量孔洞,但其外层却相当致密,微观组织也较均匀;1480 ℃微波液相烧结的内部组织整体比较均匀,但致密化程度较低,其粘结相分布不均匀,断裂多为沿晶断裂,只有少量穿晶断裂.
    32  Effect of W Content on the Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Ni-W Alloy Plates
    Gong Rui Liu Lin
    2008, 37(1):130-134.
    [Abstract](1713) [HTML](145) [PDF 0.00 Byte](100)
    Abstract:
    以硫酸镍及钨酸钠为主盐,采用电沉积法在Cu基体上制得了Ni-W合金镀层.通过X射线衍射分析、X射线荧光探针、金相显微镜、显微硬度计和电化学等测试手段研究了合金镀层的组织结构、表面形貌、力学性能及在3%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能.结果表明,镀层结构和性能与镀层中的W含量密切相关.当W含量>21%(原子分数,下同)时,镀层为非晶态结构;当W含量<21%时,镀层为晶态结构;且当W含量在20%左右时,镀层为柱状晶结构.硬度测试结果表明,Ni-W柱状晶镀层及非晶态镀层的维氏硬度HV0.1均达到了5800 MPa以上;两镀层光滑平整,与基体结合紧密.动电位极化测试结果表明:2种镀层在3%NaCl溶液中均存在自钝化现象,并形成较宽的稳定钝化区,钝化区间宽度远优于1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢,且发生均匀腐蚀,表现出良好的耐蚀性.并且,随着W含量的增加,镀层的硬度和耐蚀性不断提高.
    33  Fabrication and Compressive Properties of K405 Alloy Hollow Sphere Foams
    Li Zhiwei Wang Hongwei Wei Zunjie Wang Yeguang
    2008, 37(1):135-138.
    [Abstract](1561) [HTML](137) [PDF 0.00 Byte](92)
    Abstract:
    采用空心球法制备平均孔径约3 mm、壁厚约0.1 mm的K405合金空心球泡沫.首先在聚苯乙烯球上涂覆粉浆制备湿球,将其按体心立方结构排布,随后在真空条件下将堆跺好的球坯在300 ℃保温40 min分解有机物,在1150 ℃保温150 min烧结.制备的K405合金空心球泡沫的密度分别为0.987,0.999和1.085 g/cm3;压缩试验结果表明:该泡沫试样的变形行为基本一致,屈服强度大于25 MPa.
    34  Study on Magnetic Properties of Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21 Bulk Amorphous Alloy
    Zhao Wenjun Xu Hui Wang Zhiping Tan Xiaohua Bai Qin
    2008, 37(1):139-142.
    [Abstract](1562) [HTML](146) [PDF 0.00 Byte](64)
    Abstract:
    采用铜模吸铸法制备出厚度为0.8 mm的片状Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金.利用X射线衍射(XRD),差热分析(DTA)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金在铸态和不同温度退火后的磁性能.结果表明,Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金在铸态下为软磁性.合金晶化退火后,磁性能转变为硬磁性,得到了块状的纳米晶复合永磁材料.合金硬磁性的产生是由于合金晶化后产生了Nd2Fe14B硬磁性相和α-Fe,Fe3B软磁性相,软、硬磁相间产生了较强的交换耦合作用而造成的.这一方法为制备块体纳米晶复合永磁材料提供了一种新的手段.
    35  Effect of Sputtering Gas Pressure on Wear Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of Niobium Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering Deposition
    Cui Jiangtao Tian Xiubo Hu Xindong Yang Shiqin
    2008, 37(1):143-146.
    [Abstract](1597) [HTML](147) [PDF 0.00 Byte](59)
    Abstract:
    采用直流磁控溅射在钢基体上制备了铌薄膜,分别采用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射仪、球盘式摩擦磨损实验机和电化学分析仪研究了不同溅射气压下铌膜表面形貌、相结构、耐磨性以及耐蚀性.结果表明:低压强下,晶粒细小,膜层平滑,晶粒择优取向为(110)晶面;压强升高使得晶粒粗大,粗糙度明显提高,择优取向转变为(211)晶面.较高的和较低的溅射压强对耐磨性和耐蚀性的提高较大,适中的压强对铌膜的性能提高反而较小,这可能是由于表面缺陷和组织结构的不同造成的.
    36  Effect of Mo and CeO2 on Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Nickel-Base Alloy Coatings
    Yuan Jinping Zhang Ping Liang Zhijie Ma Lin
    2008, 37(1):147-151.
    [Abstract](1542) [HTML](156) [PDF 0.00 Byte](68)
    Abstract:
    在镍基合金中分别添加Mo和CeO2,通过激光熔覆在45CrNi钢表面制备了3种熔覆层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱仪和磨粒磨损试验机对熔覆层的显微组织及磨粒磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明:添加Mo的熔覆层主要由γ(Ni,Fe),M23C6,M7C3和CrB等相组成,与原Ni基合金相同,无MC,M6C等新相产生.在镍基合金中添加Mo,改变了显微组织中碳化物的成分和形态,组织韧性改善,熔覆层抗磨粒磨损性能提高.Mo对熔覆层磨粒磨损性能的强化作用优于CeO2的细晶强化.
    37  Effect of Removing and Recoating of HY3 Overlay Coatings on Performance of DD3Alloy
    Cai Yan Lu Feng Li Jianping
    2008, 37(1):152-155.
    [Abstract](1526) [HTML](126) [PDF 0.00 Byte](72)
    Abstract:
    采用真空电弧镀技术(ARC)在镍基高温合金DD3上制备了包覆型涂层HY3,通过化学方法完全退除基体上的涂层,用燃气热腐蚀试验、循环抗氧化试验来评价涂层的抗高温氧化、抗热腐蚀性能,并且通过高温持久、室温瞬时拉伸、高周疲劳等力学实验来评价涂层退除再涂覆后对基体合金的力学性能的影响,用SEM观察涂层退除前后表面形貌.结果表明,涂层经过去除再涂覆后,微观组织形貌基本不变;循环氧化寿命是原始涂层的97.9%,与原始涂层的抗热腐蚀性能相当,对合金的力学性能不造成显著影响.
    38  Research on Properties of Co-Free AB5-Type Hydrogen Storage Alloys by Addition of a Little Si
    Dong Hui Wei Xuedong Liu Yongning Zhu Jiewu Lin Jianxiong Wen Ying
    2008, 37(1):156-159.
    [Abstract](1610) [HTML](136) [PDF 0.00 Byte](67)
    Abstract:
    采用电弧熔炼制备了La(NiAlMn)5-xSix(0≤x≤0.35)合金.借助XRD,SEM等分析了La(NiAlMn)5-xSix储氢合金的晶体结构和相组成,并研究了合金的电化学性能.结果表明:当x≤0.3时合金由LaNi5单相组成;当x=0.35时合金由主相LaNi5和第二相LaNi3构成.随着Si含量的增加,合金储氢量和放电容量减少.但是循环稳定性得到了改善.经300次充放电循环,合金在x=0.35时的容量损失率为19.4%.这是因为Si的加入使得合金的抗氧化性,耐腐蚀性得到了改善.
    39  Field-Induced Resistance Properties of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 Films
    Zhao Shenggui Chen Changle Jin Kexin
    2008, 37(1):160-163.
    [Abstract](1532) [HTML](136) [PDF 0.00 Byte](60)
    Abstract:
    分别采用固相反应技术和脉冲激光沉积的方法制备了La2/3Sr1/3MnO3靶材和薄膜,并研究了磁场、激光和电流等外场诱导下的薄膜电阻变化特性.结果表明,在铁磁金属相,激光辐照诱导薄膜电阻增大,而电流和磁场作用相似,均诱导薄膜电阻减小,这一现象可归结于不同外场通过改变体系中eg电子的自旋状态而影响体系的输运过程,引起电阻的变化.在顺磁绝缘相,利用小极化子模型进行了分析讨论,表明外场诱导电阻减小主要是由于外场作用使小极化子退局域化.
    40  Effect of Sn-Doping Content on the Electrical and Optical Properties of ITO Films by Colloid Method
    Zhang Nan Liu Jiaxiang Zeng ShengNan
    2008, 37(1):164-168.
    [Abstract](1738) [HTML](129) [PDF 0.00 Byte](81)
    Abstract:
    以金属铟和锡盐为原料采用胶体法制备Sn掺杂三氧化二铟(ITO)前驱物浆料,通过提拉法在镀有SiO2薄层的浮法玻璃基片上制备透明导电ITO薄膜.研究了不同Sn掺杂量5%~20%(质量分数,下同)对ITO薄膜光电性能的影响.用分光光度计和四探针电阻仪检测ITO薄膜,样品的光电性能,并对其进行X射线衍射分析.结果表明:当Sn掺杂量为10%时薄膜的方电阻最小,为153 Ω/□,不同Sn掺杂的ITO膜均为单一的立方铁锰矿结构;薄膜在可见光区平均透过率≥82%.基于对不同Sn掺杂量的ITO薄膜XRD数据分析,研究了ITO薄膜的结构特性,并讨论了薄膜的导电机制.结果表明:胶体法制备的ITO薄膜的自由载流子主要来源于氧缺位提供的导电电子.通过对ITO薄膜吸收系数的线性拟合表明,薄膜中自由电子由价带至导带的跃迁属于直接跃迁,且光学能隙值随Sn掺杂量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,在Sn掺杂量为15%时为最大值3.65 eV.
    41  Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Directional Rapidly Solidified Ni-Base Superalloy Rene95 by Laser Melting Deposition Manufacturing
    Zhang Yawei Zhang Shuquan Wang Huaming
    2008, 37(1):169-172.
    [Abstract](1600) [HTML](139) [PDF 0.00 Byte](69)
    Abstract:
    采用激光熔化沉积定向快速凝固工艺,制备出了具有快速定向生长微细柱晶组织的Rene95高温合金板状试样,其一次枝晶间距约为7 μm、枝晶间完全无γ/γ'共晶组织析出.结果表明,激光熔化沉积定向快速凝固微细柱晶Rene95高温合金具有优异的力学性能.
    42  Influence of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Morphology in Mg17Al12 of Mg-9Al Binary Magnesium Alloy
    Zhang Zhiqiang Le Qichi Cui Jianzhong
    2008, 37(1):173-175.
    [Abstract](1567) [HTML](145) [PDF 0.00 Byte](99)
    Abstract:
    Phase morphology is one of the most important microstructural characteristics determining the mechanical and therefore the service performance of polycrystalline materials. Now, phase morphology of alloy can be changed by chemical modification, superheating treatment and electromagnetic vibration. The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the Mg17Al12 morphology in Mg-9.0wt% A1 alloy is studied in this paper. The result shows that with employing high-intensity ultrasonic vibration during the solidifying of Mg-9.0wt% Al, the Mg17Al12 in the entire cross section of the billet is significantly refined and its morphology exhibited the change from continuous to discontinuous morphology. Spherical Mg17Al12 is formed during solidification of billet treated with high-intensity ultrasonic vibration.
    43  The Synthesize and Performance of Blue Luminescent Material GdVO4:Tm
    Hu Bing Huang Weigang
    2008, 37(1):176-179.
    [Abstract](1616) [HTML](139) [PDF 0.00 Byte](70)
    Abstract:
    采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了蓝色荧光纳米晶GdVO4:Tm粉体.通过XRD、荧光光谱和SEM分析了GdVO4:Tm粉体在不同焙烧温度、保温时间下的相结构、晶粒尺寸,形貌以及发光性能.结果表明:所得产物为单一的四方锆型GdVO4:Tm晶体,晶粒尺寸小于100 nm.GdVO4:Tm能够被200~320 nm的紫外光激发,在308 nm波长紫外光激发下发出波长为478 nm的明亮蓝光;焙烧温度为900 ℃,保温3 h得到的粉末发光性能最好.
    44  Preparation of Spinel Ferrite CoFe2O4 Fibres by Organic Gel-Thermal Decomposition Process
    Zhang Chunye Shen Xiangqian Zhou Jianxin Shen Jiangying
    2008, 37(1):180-184.
    [Abstract](2034) [HTML](145) [PDF 0.00 Byte](118)
    Abstract:
    以金属钴盐、铁盐及柠檬酸为原料,采用有机凝胶-热分解法成功制备了尖晶石型的CoFe2O4纤维.通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)以及扫描电镜(SEM)等分析手段对凝胶的结构、组成、热分解过程以及热处理产物的形貌进行了表征,并分析了影响凝胶可纺性以及纤维产生缺陷的各种因素.结果表明:在pH值为5.5左右的溶液中金属离子与柠檬酸反应形成具有线性分子结构的[(C6H6O7)4CoFe2]n,由这些线性分子所组成的凝胶显示出良好的可纺性.所制备的尖晶石型CoFe2O4纤维由40~50 nm大小的晶粒组成,纤维直径可小于1 μm,长径比达1×106.通过振动样品磁强计(VSM)测得这种尖晶石型CoFe2O4纤维的饱和磁化强度和矫顽力分别为81.97 A·m2/kg和1041.47×79.6 A/m.
    45  Effect of Cold Deformation on Superelastic of NiTiCr Shape Memory Alloy
    Si Naichao Zhang Zhimin
    2008, 37(1):185-188.
    [Abstract](1598) [HTML](150) [PDF 0.00 Byte](95)
    Abstract:
    In this article, the effect of cool deformation on NiTiCr super-elastic was studied by measuring its resume rate and stretching experiment . The results show that the different cold deformation has evidence influence on the super-elastic of NiTiCr. The elastic increases obviously with the increase of the deformation when the cool deformation is over 27%. However, when the deformation is over 33%, the elastic is no more change. The mere cool deformation can not make NiTiCr to exhibit non-line super-elastic entirely. The dependence of the stability of elestic on the bending cycles is also discussed.

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