高性能金属搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造技术研究进展

Research Progress on Additive Friction Stir Deposition Technology of High-Performance Metal

摘要:

在增材制造工艺中，电子束或者激光熔粉技术的加工构件存在熔凝缺陷，基于固相增材技术的搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造（additive friction stir deposition，AFSD）克服了这种缺陷，并且得到应用，其增材过程中不涉及材料熔化凝固，所沉积构件的材料致密度高，晶粒小，具有均匀、等轴、精细的微观结构，韧性好，机械性能可达到锻造水平。尽管已经对铝合金、镁合金、钛合金等材料的AFSD有一些研究，但此工艺仍处在早期阶段，因此本文对AFSD工艺最近20年的研究与应用展开综述。从原理、设备、工艺、性能、应用、发展趋势等方面进行阐述，为AFSD的研究提供参考。

Abstract:

In the additive manufacturing process, there are melt-solidification defects in the processed components using electron beam or laser powder melting technology. The additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) based on solid-phase additive technology overcomes such defects and has been applied. During the additive process of AFSD, material melting and solidification are not involved. The deposited components with high material density and small grains have a uniform, equiaxed, and fine microstructures. Consequently, they possess good toughness and mechanical properties that can reach the forging level. Although there have been some studies on AFSD for materials such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and titanium alloy, this process is still in the early stage. Therefore, the research and application of AFSD in the recent 20 years were reviewed, which was elaborated from aspects such as principles, equipment, processes, properties, applications, and development trends, providing a reference for the research of AFSD.