高温抗氧化铂族金属涂层的研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospects of Platinum Group Metal Coatings with High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance

摘要:

铂族金属具有熔点高、耐腐蚀性强、化学性质稳定以及在高温含氧环境下氧渗透率低等特点，作为热防护涂层材料已在航空航天领域获得重要应用，并在高超声速飞行器热端部件防护等前沿军事领域应用前景极大。本文综述了高温抗氧化铂族金属涂层的最新研究进展，包括涂层制备技术、氧化失效及合金化改性。概述了当前铂族金属涂层的主要制备技术，总结并对比了现有各种制备技术之间的优劣情况。着重分析并总结了单一铂族金属涂层在高温含氧环境中的本征特性、失效形式及失效机制。在此基础上，梳理并指出了铂族金属合金化改性的必要性、主要方式及主要成果。最后，对高温抗氧化铂族金属涂层的未来发展进行了探讨及展望。

Abstract:

Platinum group metals have high melting points, strong corrosion resistance, stable chemical properties, and low oxygen permeability in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments. As thermal protective coating materials, they have gained essential applications in the aerospace field and have excellent prospects for application in frontier military fields, such as protecting hot-end components of hypersonic aircraft. This research reviewed the latest research progress of platinum group metal coatings with high-temperature oxidation resistance, including coating preparation techniques, oxidation failure, and alloying modification. The leading preparation techniques of current platinum group metal coatings were discussed, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various existing preparation techniques. Besides, the intrinsic properties, failure forms, and failure mechanisms of coatings of single platinum group metal in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments were analyzed. On this basis, the necessity, main methods, and main achievements of alloying modification of platinum group metals were summarized. Finally, the future development of platinum group coatings with high-temperature oxidation resistance was discussed and prospected.