不同体积分数Primitive点阵结构的AlMgScZr合金力热性能研究

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of AlMgScZr Alloy with Primitive Lattice Structure of Different Volume Fractions

摘要:

随着航空航天等领域对高性能热管理部件的迫切需求，兼具高效散热与优异力学承载能力的多功能构件成为研究焦点。借助有限元模拟与实验表征手段，本研究系统研究了体积分数对激光选区熔化（selective laser melting，SLM）技术成形的AlMgScZr合金Primitive点阵结构成形质量、力学响应及热交换性能的影响规律。结果表明：SLM成形的Primitive结构虽表面粗糙、存在尺寸偏差，但整体成形质量满足功能需求。在力学性能方面，体积分数的增加显著提升点阵结构的力学性能，当体积分数为25%时，压缩模量达1664.06 MPa，峰值平台应力为42.85 MPa，且单位体积能量吸收值随体积分数增加明显增长；热交换性能方面，体积分数25%的Primitive点阵结构努塞尔数（Nu）较10%的点阵结构提升41.6%，雷诺数（Re）增加进一步强化对流换热效率，但伴随摩擦因数（f）的上升。本研究通过体积分数优化实现了热交换-力学性能协同调控，为Primitive点阵结构在热管理部件中的应用提供了参考。

Abstract:

With the urgent demand for high-performance thermal management components in aerospace field, multifunctional components that combine efficient heat dissipation with excellent mechanical load-bearing capacity have become a focus of research. Using finite element simulation and experimental characterization methods, this study systematically investigated the influence of volume fraction on the forming quality, mechanical response, and heat exchange performance of AlMgScZr alloy Primitive lattice structures formed by selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The results indicate that although the SLM-formed Primitive structure exhibits surface roughness and dimensional deviations, its overall forming quality meets functional requirements. In terms of mechanical properties, an increase in volume fraction significantly enhances the mechanical performance of the lattice structure. When the volume fraction reaches 25%, the compressive modulus reaches 1664.06 MPa, the peak plateau stress is 42.85 MPa, and the energy absorption per unit volume increases significantly with increasing volume fraction. In terms of heat exchange performance, the Nusselt number (Nu) of the Primitive lattice structure with a volume fraction of 25% increases by 41.6% compared to that with a volume fraction of 10%. The increase in Reynolds number (Re) further enhances convective heat transfer efficiency, but this is accompanied by an increase in friction factor (f). This study achieved synergistic regulation of heat exchange and mechanical properties through volume fraction optimization, providing a reference for the application of Primitive lattice structures in thermal management components.