多主元合金熵工程调控实现安培级全解水

Ampere-Level Complete Water Splitting Through Entropy Engineering Regulation of Multi-principal Element Alloy

摘要:

高性能贵金属电解水催化材料成本高昂、原子利用率低、界面稳定性不足及制备工艺复杂等问题严重制约其规模化应用。因此，开发低成本低能耗长寿命电解水催化材料迫在眉睫。本工作通过碳热冲击策略在碳纤维上快速合成10 nm超细FeCoNiCrPt 高熵合金（HEA）纳米颗粒。结果表明，在碱性介质中达到10 mA·cm^–2析氢反应（HER）和 100 mA·cm^–2析氧反应（OER）的电流密度，分别仅需34和264 mV的过电位。此外，FeCoNiCrPt样品分别作为阳极和阴极在碱性电解槽中进行全水解反应，仅1.53 V 即可实现10 mA·cm^–2电流密度且稳定工作超过100 h。碳热冲击策略以简单通用的方式，快速合成分散性良好的HEA纳米颗粒，为开发低成本、高稳定性的全解水催化剂提供了新途径。

Abstract:

High-performance noble metal electrocatalysts for water splitting face significant challenges including high cost, low atomic utilization, insufficient interface stability, and complex preparation processes, which severely limit their large-scale application. Therefore, developing low-cost, low-energy-consumption, and long-life electrocatalysts for water splitting is urgently needed. In this work, a carbon thermal shock strategy was used to rapidly synthesize ultrafine (10 nm) FeCoNiCrPt high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles on carbon fibers. Results show that in alkaline medium, the catalyst achieves current densities of 10 mA·cm^–2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 100 mA·cm^–2 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with overpotential of only 34 and 264 mV, respectively. Furthermore, when FeCoNiCrPt samples are used as both anode and cathode in an alkaline electrolyzer for overall water splitting, a current density of 10 mA·cm^–2 is achieved at only 1.53 V, with stable operation for more than 100 h. This carbon thermal shock strategy provides a simple and versatile approach for rapidly synthesizing well-dispersed HEA nanoparticles, offering a new pathway for developing low-cost, highly stable catalysts for overall water splitting.