事故容错燃料Cr涂层锆合金包壳研究进展

Research Progress on Cr-Coated Zirconium Alloy Cladding of Accident Tolerant Fuel

摘要:

事故容错燃料可进一步提高商用核反应堆的安全性和经济性。目前，Cr涂层改进锆合金包壳是短期内能实现工业化应用的事故容错燃料包壳的最佳方案。本文综述了Cr涂层锆合金包壳目前的研究进展，从Cr涂层锆合金包壳的发展现状、制备工艺及显微组织、服役性能等三方面展开。首先介绍了Cr涂层在国内外的发展概况。然后阐述了Cr涂层的主要制备工艺，包括冷喷涂、激光熔覆与物理气相沉积等，并分析不同工艺与显微组织特征。同时，系统总结了Cr涂层锆合金包壳的腐蚀、辐照及力学性能研究结果，对腐蚀氧化机理、辐照损伤机制与塑性变形机制进行了深入剖析。最后对当前研究中存在的问题以及未来的发展方向进行了分析和展望。

Abstract:

Accident tolerant fuel (ATF) can further improve the safety and economics of commercial nuclear reactors. At present, Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding is the most promising candidate for near-term industrial application as an ATF cladding. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding, covering its development status, preparation processes, microstructural characteristics, and service performance. Initially, the worldwide development of Cr coating is introduced. Subsequently, the main preparation processes of Cr coatings, including cold spraying, laser cladding, and physical vapor deposition, are described, and the characteristics and microstructure of different processes are analyzed. Afterwards, the corrosion, irradiation, and mechanical properties of Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding are summarized, and the corrosion oxidation mechanism, irradiation damage mechanism, and plastic deformation mechanism are deeply analyzed. Finally, the key challenges in current research are identified, and future development directions are proposed.