Preparation and Research Progress of High-Temperature Superconductors Based on High Pressure Technique

Abstract:

In the field of superconducting materials research, from the discovery of elemental mercury as a superconductor to the preparation of nickel-based superconductors, the study on physical properties and microscopic mechanisms of superconducting materials has greatly promoted the development of condensed matter physics. The development of practical high-temperature superconductors based on new preparation techniques plays an extremely important role in the fields of strong and weak electricity. As a new means, the high-pressure experimental technique has become one of the powerful tools for exploring novel superconductors and increasing their superconducting transition temperature (T_c). Focusing on three high-temperature superconductors with relatively high superconducting transition temperatures (exceeding 150 K), including H₃S, LaH₁₀ and HgBaCaCuO, this paper summarizes the research progress in their preparation techniques and clarifies the preparation strategies of practical high-temperature superconductors. It is concluded that high pressure facilitates the preparation of LaH₁₀, a hydrogen-rich compound superconductor with a special crystal structure, so that it can obtain a higher superconducting transition temperature. At the same time, high pressure can also affect copper oxide superconductors in a similar way of changing doping, thereby changing their superconductivity. High pressure technique is an effective way to fabricate high-temperature superconductors with special crystal structures (layered and caged).