Abstract:Nanoporous metals, with their unique pore structure and excellent electrochemical properties, demonstrate significant application potential in the fields of energy and energy storage. Their structural characteristics provide a large specific surface area and superior conductivity, and their composition and structure are tunable. As a result, nanoporous metals play a crucial role in the field of energy conversion applications. This paper reviews the synthesis methods and structural regulation of nanoporous metals, with a focus on their applications in electrocatalytic reactions (such as oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction) and energy storage devices (such as lithium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors). The results indicate that nanoporous metals not only enhance catalytic efficiency but also significantly improve battery cycle stability and energy density. However, issues such as the reproducibility of synthesis methods, long-term stability, cost, and technical challenges in practical applications require further investigation. Future research will focus on optimizing the microstructure and surface properties of nanoporous metals to achieve efficient and sustainable energy solutions.