Abstract:Magnesium alloy, as a lightweight core structural material, has great potential for application in aerospace, automotive, electronics, and biomedical fields. However, its engineering applications are constrained by issues such as insufficient plastic forming ability and poor corrosion resistance. Welding is a key means of manufacturing complex components, and the quality of welding wire directly determines the performance of the welded joint. This article provides a systematic review of the current research status of magnesium alloy welding wire, analyzes the mechanism of action and synergistic/antagonistic effects of alloy elements, elucidates the plastic deformation law of magnesium alloy in a dense hexagonal structure, sorts out the technical characteristics and application progress of preparation processes such as hot extrusion drawing, hot drawing, electric pulse, and ultrasonic assistance, and points out the shortcomings. In the future, we should focus on the development of specialized welding wires, advanced processing technologies, and full chain performance optimization, providing reference for the research and engineering application of high-performance magnesium alloy welding wires.